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	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1093</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1093"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:51:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Becquemont L. Pharmacogenomics of adverse drug reactions: practical applications and perspectives. Pharmacogenomics. 2009;10(6):961–9.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA]] sampling, [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
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=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
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		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1092</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1092"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:50:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Becquemont L. Pharmacogenomics of adverse drug reactions: practical applications and perspectives. Pharmacogenomics. 2009;10(6):961–9.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA]] sampling, [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1091</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1091"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:49:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Becquemont L. Pharmacogenomics of adverse drug reactions: practical applications and perspectives. Pharmacogenomics. 2009;10(6):961–9.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA]] sampling, [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1090</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1090"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:47:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA sampling]], [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1089</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1089"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:46:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA sampling]], [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1088</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1088"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:46:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA sampling]], [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pharm. World Sci. 2010 Nov 4. ‘From evidence based medicine to mechanism based medicine. Reviewing the role of pharmacogenetics’, Wilffert B, Swen J, Mulder H, Touw D, Maitland-Van der Zee AH, Deneer V; KNMP working group Pharmacogenetics, DOI 10.1007/s11096-010-9446-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1085</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1085"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:44:46Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]]&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;KM, Johnson JA, et al. Pharmacogenomics: challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145(10):749–57. Roden DM, Altman RB, Benowitz NL, Flockhart DA, Giacomini&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA sampling]], [[DNA Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== References:&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1081</id>
		<title>Pharmacogenetics</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki//index.php?title=Pharmacogenetics&amp;diff=1081"/>
		<updated>2010-11-16T12:38:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;090452844: Created page with &amp;#039;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for examp…&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient’s genetic variability can effect drug treatment. Genetic variation can have an effect of the outcome of drug treatment, for example via drug [[Metabolism|metabolism]].&amp;amp;nbsp;Drug type and dosage are currently adapted to accommodate differences in patient age, liver and renal function&amp;amp;nbsp;and it is anticipated that pharmacogenetics can be used in the same way to maximise the efficacy of drug treatment&amp;amp;nbsp;as well as reduce the incidence of adverse drug responses.&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Implementation of pharmacogenetics requires knowledge of the genotypic and phenotypic information relating to disease as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of the drug.&amp;amp;nbsp;Once this information has been established it is possible to create a tailor-made drug treatment specific to the individual. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;While cost is currently a major factor preventing wide scale use of pharmacogenetics, it is expected that in the future as the cost of [[DNA|DNA ]]sampling, [[DNA_Sequencing|DNA&amp;amp;nbsp;sequencing]]&amp;amp;nbsp;and analysis will decrease as technological advances in the field are made therefore reducing the costs associated with the implementation of pharmacogenetics on a wider scale.&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>090452844</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>