The School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki - User contributions [en]

Bacterial genetics

2018-10-16T16:08:08Z

170013134:

Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]]<ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>.

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the [[Bacterial chromosomes|bacterial chromosome]], found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually, all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The [[Plasmid|plasmid ]]contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double-stranded DNA, and can enable [[Multidrug_resistance|drug resistance]] in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|Transposons]] also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain [[genes|genes ]]again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html Accessed 03/12/17 at 19:17</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />
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Atom

2018-10-16T16:03:07Z

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The atom is defined as the smallest subdivision of an [[Element|element]].  Atoms of the same [[Element|element]] have the same size, mass and chemical properties<ref>http://js082.k12.sd.us/My_Classes/Physical_Science/atoms/atoms_1.htm</ref>. 

An [[Atom|atom]] is composed of three different particles: [[Protons|protons]] (p+), [[Neutrons|neutrons]] (n0) and [[Electrons|electrons]] (e-) .

[[Protons|Protons]] and [[Neutrons|neutrons]] are located in the [[Nucleus|nucleus]] of the atom, whereas the [[Electrons|electrons]] spin around this [[Nucleus|nucleus]] in specific orbits<ref>http://js082.k12.sd.us/My_Classes/Physical_Science/atoms/atoms_1.htm</ref><ref>http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM1.html</ref>.

The addition of the number of [[Protons|protons]] and [[Neutrons|neutrons]] produces the [[Atomic mass|atomic mass]] of an element, whereas the number of [[Protons|protons]] equals with the number of the [[Electrons|electrons]] of the same element and are equal with the [[Atomic number|atomic number]] of this [[Element|element]]<ref>http://www.clickandlearn.org/Gr9_Sci/atoms/modelsoftheatom.html</ref>. The number of [[Neutrons|neutrons]] can vary significantly especially in [[Radioactive|radioactive]][[Elements|elements.]] The number of neutrons in the atom defines the isotope of the element<ref>^ Leigh, G. J., ed. (1990). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Commission on the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry – Recommendations 1990. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. p. 35. ISBN 0-08-022369-9. "An atom is the smallest unit quantity of an element that is capable of existence whether alone or in chemical combination with other atoms of the same or other elements."</ref>.

How the atom is really structured was a serious matter for many centuries and different theories raised from [[Democritus|Democritus]] (c.300 BC), [[Dalton|Dalton]] (c.1800), [[J.J. Thomson|J.J. Thomson]] (c.1850), [[Rutherford|Rutherford]] (c. 1905), [[Neils Bohr|Neils Bohr]], Bohr-Rutherford (c. 1920) to “Modern theory” which describes the orbits of the spinning [[Electrons|electrons]] around the [[Nucleus|nucleus]] as a "cloud of energy levels"<ref>http://www.clickandlearn.org/Gr9_Sci/atoms/modelsoftheatom.html</ref><ref>http://www.clickandlearn.org/chemistry/atomic_theory.htm</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:19:00Z

170013134:

Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|Transposon]]s also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html Accessed 03/12/17 at 19:17</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:18:03Z

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Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|transposons also]] carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html Accessed 03/12/17 at 19:17</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:17:06Z

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Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|transposons also]] carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html 03/12/17</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:16:34Z

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Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|transposons also]] carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:16:13Z

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Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|transposons also]] carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial chromosome replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html</ref>.

=== References ===

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:15:55Z

170013134: Edited previous part and added links

Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haploid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a [[Phenotype|phenotype]]. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of [[Transduction|transduction]], [[Conjugation|conjugation]] and [[Transformation|transformation]] <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have only one [[Chromosome|chromosome]], which is a single circle of [[DNA|DNA]] with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential [[Genes|genes]], such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the [[Plasmid|plasmid]], which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally [[Transposon|transposons ]]also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example [[Antibiotic_resistance|antibiotic resistance]], but do not carry genes for [[Bacterial_chromosome_replication|replication]] of the bacterial cell<ref>2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html

Bacterial genetics

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Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:09:29Z

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Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haplpoid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a phenotype. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of transduction, conjugation and transformation <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>.

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. Bacteria have only one chromosome, which is a single circle of DNA with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential genes, such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the plasmid, which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally transposons also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example antibiotic resistance, but do not carry genes for replication of the bacterial cell. 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. Bacteria have only one chromosome, which is a single circle of DNA with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential genes, such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the plasmid, which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally transposons also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example antibiotic resistance, but do not carry genes for replication of the bacterial cell<ref>2.</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:08:39Z

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Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:08:05Z

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Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:07:03Z

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Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:02:08Z

170013134: Added more info

Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haplpoid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a phenotype. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of transduction, conjugation and transformation <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. Bacteria have only one chromosome, which is a single circle of DNA with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential genes, such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the plasmid, which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally transposons also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example antibiotic resistance, but do not carry genes for replication of the bacterial cell<ref name="Website">2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html</ref>.

Bacterial genetics

2017-12-03T19:01:02Z

170013134:

Bacterial [[Genetics|genetics]] entails the study of [[Bacteria|bacterial]] [[Genome|genome]] and various modifications and interference to the natural bacterial genetic make-up. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have proved to be an essential part of modern genetics and have allowed researchers to understand various mechanisms that occur in human genetics, using bacteria as a model. An example of which would be an insight into how [[Gene|gene]] [[Transcription|transcription]] is controlled (how genes are turned on and off/ expressed in varying levels) using the [[Lac operon|Lac Operon]] as a model. Bacteria used in bacterial genetics are generally [[Haploid|haplpoid]] organisms, i.e. one copy of an allele which produces an immediate effect on a phenotype. In most cases [[Plasmids|plasmids]] are used to transfer genes from donor to recipient, which can replicate independently. Bacterial genetics have allowed us to gain understanding of transduction, conjugation and transformation <ref>http://www.nature.com/subjects/bacterial-genetics</ref>.

=== References ===

<references />2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html 

Bacterial genes are carried in bacteria in 3 ways. Firstly on the bacterial chromosome, found in the nucleoid of the cell. Bacteria have only one chromosome, which is a single circle of DNA with around 4000 kbp (kilobase pairs) of DNA. Usually all essential genes, such as genes necessary for bacterial growth are found on the chromosome. Another location for bacterial genes is the plasmid, which is found in some bacteria. The plasmid contains much less DNA than the chromosome (around 200 kbp) and is associated with a specific function, but with a usually non-essential purpose. They are circular, double stranded DNA, and can enable drug resistance in the bacteria they are found in. Finally transposons also carry bacterial genes, and are able to move from one location in the bacteria to another, for example between plasmids, or between the plasmid and it's bacterial cell's chromosome. They contain genes again for specialised functions for example antibiotic resistance, but do not carry genes for replication of the bacterial cell<ref name="Website">2. http://generalbacteriology.weebly.com/bacterial-genetics.html</ref>.

Bacterial genetics

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Bacterial genetics

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Bacterial genetics

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Bacterial genetics

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The School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki:Copyrights

2017-12-03T18:47:22Z

170013134: Created page with " "