The School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki - User contributions [en]

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2012-08-10T07:59:47Z

Njmwiki:

This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions and information and has been produced by the students of the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].  The project was started in October 2010. The pages have been created and edited by second year undergraduate students taking part in the Informatics Practical in CMB2005, and by first year students as part of the BGM1001: Biochemistry module.

Please consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available (see below).

== Lost your login? ==

Go to the [https://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=School_of_Biomedical_Sciences_Wiki login page], type in your username, and then click the 'E-mail new password' button.  If you can't remember your username, look at your student ID card.

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://teaching.ncl.ac.uk/bms/wiki/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*A getting started [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/lectures/wiki/pages/ website] (specifically for this wiki)
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos: 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Adding references - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/references/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]
*Avoiding [[Plagiarism|plagiarism]]
*"Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia" - [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000941 link]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Nucleus

2012-08-09T16:32:59Z

Njmwiki:

The Nucleus is the cell 'control centre' found in [[Eukaryotes]]. In the nucleus there are [[Chromosomes|chromosomes]], which is the genetic material for the cell. [[DNA|DNA]] and [[RNA|RNA]] synthesis occurs here, in addition to being the site of transcription . After transcription, [[MRNA|mRNA]] exits the nucleus through the nuclear membrane where it then travels to the [[Cytoplasm|cytoplasm]], the site which is responsible for associating the mRNA with [[Ribosomes|ribosomes]] and protein translation.

It is comprised of:

#A [[Nuclear envelope|Nuclear envelope]] (nuclear membrane) = twin membrane that protects contents from cytoplasm and macromolecules that could interfere with internal processes. [[Nuclear pores|Nuclear pores]] perforate the membrane and allow small [[Molecule|molecules]] to diffuse freely in and out of the structure. Macromolecules (like [[Nucleic acids|nucleic acids]]) are moved into the nucleus via [[Active transport|active transport]].
#[[Nucleoplasm|Nucleoplasm]] (karyoplasm) = this material comprises mostly of [[Chromatin]] and is bound by the nuclear envelope.
#[[Nucleolus|Nucleolus]] = a densely packed, small body, known more so as the 'core' of Nucleus, built around the nucleolar organiser. It is a relatively unstable structure without a membrane, it contains [[RRNA|rRNA]] ([[RRNA|ribosomal RNA]]) and is the site of [[Ribosome|Ribosome]] synthesis. These ribosomal proteins are then packaged into ribonucleoproteins which later mature. 

A nucleus is also the centre of an [[Atom|atom]], comprised of [[Protons|protons]] and [[Neutrons|neutrons]]. NJM

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-12-21T23:17:10Z

Njmwiki:

This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions and information and has been produced by the students of the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].  The project was started in October 2010. The pages have been created and edited by second year undergraduate students taking part in the Informatics Practical in CMB2005, and by first year students as part of the BGM1001: Biochemistry module.

Please consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available (see below).

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://bms.ncl.ac.uk/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*A getting started [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/lectures/wiki/pages/ website] (specifically for this wiki)
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos: 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Adding references - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/references/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]
*Avoiding [[Plagiarism|plagiarism]]
*"Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia" - [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000941 link]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-12-21T23:15:33Z

Njmwiki: Reverted edits by 100674693 (Talk) to last revision by 100681071

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-09-05T20:25:00Z

Njmwiki:

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-09-05T20:22:09Z

Njmwiki:

X This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions and information run by the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].

Please consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available (see below).

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://bms.ncl.ac.uk/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos: 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Adding references - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/references/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]
*Avoiding [[Plagiarism|plagiarism]]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Placements

2010-08-04T08:38:38Z

Njmwiki: Reverted edits by Nnjm2 (Talk) to last revision by Caw

= Placements =

==== What is a placement? ====

'''A period of work experience inside or outside of University related to your discipline or for experience''.' Placements usually take place in the Summer between stage 2 and 3 of your degree. External placements may be paid, unpaid, voluntary or involve shadowing and can last weeks or months. University placements are usually between 8-10 weeks and involve a laboratory project. These placements are sometimes referred to as Summer or Vacation Studentships and are paid.

==== Why should I do a placement? ====

Any relevant work experience during your degree can greatly increase your employability. Students who have completed University laboratory work often say that it prepared them for their stage 3 project. The University positions are paid, so you would be earning while also learning new skills. Working on a real research project can help you decide if you want to do a further degree (PhD, MRes etc), but will definitely increase your employability and lab skills. You can do a placement at Newcastle University, or externally (other Unis, in industry or abroad).

==== How do I find a placement? ====

It is up to YOU to organise a Summer Placement; YOU need to approach academic staff and ask if they would be willing to take you on. Placements are usually only offered to students with a minimum upper second average (>60%) as funding bodies specify this. Research a person’s profile by looking on the University website, find out what they work on and if it interests you (for example you may be fascinated by neurological disease so research staff in the area of neuroscience). NOTE: look further than the staff that have lectured you; there are many research institutes in the faculty of medical sciences:  [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/about/peoplestructures/academic/medical.htm www.ncl.ac.uk/about/peoplestructures/academic/medical.htm] Around December during stage 2, send the person a polite e-mail explaining who you are, your degree, stage 1 marks and say that you would like to do a placement and ask would they be interested in taking you on for a summer placement. Ask if you could meet with them and if they say yes then you could take a copy of the funding opportunities with you (will be promoted from Jan-Feb by the School) . If they agree to take you on they then apply for funding to pay you (this funding is not guaranteed but you will find out if funding was successful around March-April time). See the School pages fro information on previous years: [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/undergrad/vacstud.htm www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/undergrad/vacstud.htm]

==== What other options are there to get work experience? ====

You could do a Year in Industry (also called  a sandwich year or industrial placement). These are based in pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies and are advertised during the summer (at the end of stage 1), to start at the end of stage 2. The application process is VERY competitive as these are paid positions  and can lead to graduate employment. For detailed advice see the Careers info file in the Resource Room and the Careers service website for information.

At stage 2 the 'Lab Assistant Scheme' will be advertised (usually mid-late October). This work is lab based part time and is paid; it is very competitive so you should have your CV up to date to apply.

The Careers Service has an excellent vacanices online service where you can search for opportunities including term time and temporary work : [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/jobs/finding/index.php www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/jobs/finding/index.php]

You could also think about career related experience look at SCAN (Student Community Action Newcastle) [http://www.unionsociety.co.uk/scan/ www.unionsociety.co.uk/scan/] (e.g. for medicine you will need healthcare experience). The Careers website can offer ideas: [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/develop/workExperience/ www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/develop/workExperience/]

[[|]]For teaching experience consider doing the Student Associates Scheme [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/develop/studentAssociates/ www.ncl.ac.uk/careers/develop/studentAssociates/]

==== I haven't thought about life after Uni or a future career... ====

It is never too ealry to start thinking about graduate work. Spending an hour a week on career planning will help you get your dream job. For ideas on what our graduates do, see: [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/undergrad/careers.htm www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/undergrad/careers.htm]

To get an idea of what experience you need to help you get the future career you want (or to get ideas about potential careers), see the excellent Prospects website: [http://www.prospects.ac.uk/ www.prospects.ac.uk/] or drop in and speak to a careers adviser for advice (Careers Service, King's Gate Building - at Haymarket opposite Campus Coffee).

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-08-02T08:02:08Z

Njmwiki:

This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions and information run by the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].

Please consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available (see below).

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://bms.ncl.ac.uk/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Adding references - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/references/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]
*Avoiding [[Plagiarism|plagiarism]]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-08-02T08:01:29Z

Njmwiki:

== Welcome to the School of BMS Wiki ==

This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions and information run by the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].

Please consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available (see below).

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://bms.ncl.ac.uk/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Adding references - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/references/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]
*Avoiding [[Plagiarism|plagiarism]]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Antibody

2010-07-29T15:30:17Z

Njmwiki:

Antibodies are large [[glycoproteins|glycoproteins]] that help protect the body against infection. They bind with a high degree of specificity to molecular structures ([[antigens|antigens]]) on infectious agents. This can lead to enhanced killing of [[microbes|microbes]] by phagocytes or [[complement|complement]].

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-29T13:49:00Z

Njmwiki:

'''Welcome to the School of BMS Wiki.'''

This is a Wiki of biomedical science definitions run by the [http://www.ncl.ac.uk/biomed/ School of Biomedical Sciences] at [http://www.ncl.ac.uk Newcastle University].

Consult the [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Contents User's Guide] for information on using the wiki software.

Additional [[Help:Contents|help]] is also available as part of the wiki, and there are also a number of help videos available.

== Getting started ==

*Getting started '[http://bms.ncl.ac.uk/pdf/bms_wiki_cheat_sheet.pdf cheat sheet]'
*[[Help:Contents|Wiki Help]] 
*Wiki Help Videos 
**Search - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]
**Login - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]
**Page creation - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]
**Page editing - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]
**Uploading files/images - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 
**Advanced editing and wiki management - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]

If you have any additional problems please contact [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:47:35Z

Njmwiki:

=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' ===

==== What is a wiki? ====

A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it and participate.

==== Searching the wiki (aka finding stuff) ====

Go to the wiki at the above address. On the left hand side of the screen you will see a navigation section. You can either find material by typing the search term in the search box and clicking on ‘Go’, or you can look in the ‘Table of Contents’ (just click the link).

If you cannot find the term in the ‘Table of Contents’ try typing it in to the search box and running a search. This will result in three possible outcomes:

#You find a page on the term
#You find pages that contain the term
#You find no pages and are given the option to create a new page.

==== Creating a new page (or editing an existing page) and adding links ====

To create or edit a page you need to be logged in to the wiki (details sent by email).

===== '''''Creating a new page''''': =====

You have run a search, no pages are returned, and you are presented with a message “'''There is no page titled "XXXXX"'''. You can create this page.” To create a new page just click on ‘create this page’ and on the page that appears start entering the text. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Editing a page:''''' =====

If you have found a page and think you could improve it, or add additional links, then it can be easily edited. On the top of the page there is a little ‘Edit’ tab, just click on it and start editing. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Adding links''''': =====

The real power of a wiki is in linking material. If you are writing/editing a page and you have a term/phrase/word you would like to point to another page that explains it, then you create a link. To create a link just select the word or phrase and click on the ‘Insert/Edit Link’ button on the toolbar of the editor. In the pop-up window that appears type in the name of the link (usually the word or phrase you have selected). If there are any pages in the wiki that may already be a match then these will be suggested, if one is suitable you can select it from the list. Once you have set the link name click ‘OK’. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when you have finished editing the page.

==== Video Help ====

Videos explaining how to perform specific tasks on the wiki are available and cover:

===== Search =====

You have come to a wiki to find information, so you need to know how to search it. This video explains how to search the School of Biomedical Sciences wiki - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]

===== Login =====

You can search and read a wiki without logging in. To create new pages, or to edit existing pages, you need to login. This video walks you through the login process. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]

===== Page creation =====

A wiki is only as good as its content and the level of participation of its users. This video explains how to create a new entry in the wiki. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]

===== Page editing =====

In a wiki you can create pages and edit existing pages (once you are logged in). This video explains how to edit a page in the School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]

===== Uploading files/images =====

Wiki entries can be greatly improved by adding figures or images. This video explains how to add an image to a wiki entry. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video]

===== Advanced editing and wiki management =====

A wiki contains a number of very advanced features. It is impossible to cover and explain all the features here, and this video just covers some to the features you may wish to try. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]

==== Additional Help ====

For further help please visit the ‘[[Contents|Help]]’ page on the wiki, or email: [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help with formatting (advanced): [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting general] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links links] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images images] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Tables tables]

Additional information can be found at: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-29T13:47:01Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:41:24Z

Njmwiki:

=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' ===

==== What is a wiki? ====

A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it and participate.

==== Searching the wiki (aka finding stuff) ====

Go to the wiki at the above address. On the left hand side of the screen you will see a navigation section. You can either find material by typing the search term in the search box and clicking on ‘Go’, or you can look in the ‘Table of Contents’ (just click the link).

If you cannot find the term in the ‘Table of Contents’ try typing it in to the search box and running a search. This will result in three possible outcomes:

#You find a page on the term
#You find pages that contain the term
#You find no pages and are given the option to create a new page.

==== Creating a new page (or editing an existing page) and adding links ====

To create or edit a page you need to be logged in to the wiki (details sent by email).

===== '''''Creating a new page''''': =====

You have run a search, no pages are returned, and you are presented with a message “'''There is no page titled "XXXXX"'''. You can create this page.” To create a new page just click on ‘create this page’ and on the page that appears start entering the text. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Editing a page:''''' =====

If you have found a page and think you could improve it, or add additional links, then it can be easily edited. On the top of the page there is a little ‘Edit’ tab, just click on it and start editing. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Adding links''''': =====

The real power of a wiki is in linking material. If you are writing/editing a page and you have a term/phrase/word you would like to point to another page that explains it, then you create a link. To create a link just select the word or phrase and click on the ‘Insert/Edit Link’ button on the toolbar of the editor. In the pop-up window that appears type in the name of the link (usually the word or phrase you have selected). If there are any pages in the wiki that may already be a match then these will be suggested, if one is suitable you can select it from the list. Once you have set the link name click ‘OK’. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when you have finished editing the page.

==== Video Help ====

Videos explaining how to perform specific tasks on the wiki are available and cover:

===== Search =====

You have come to a wiki to find information, so you need to know how to search it. This video explains how to search the School of Biomedical Sciences wiki - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/search/ video]

===== Login =====

You can search and read a wiki without logging in. To create new pages, or to edit existing pages, you need to login. This video walks you through the login process. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/login/ video]

===== Page creation =====

A wiki is only as good as its content and the level of participation of its users. This video explains how to create a new entry in the wiki. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/page/ video]

===== Page editing =====

In a wiki you can create pages and edit existing pages (once you are logged in). This video explains how to edit a page in the School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/edit/ video]

===== Uploading files/images =====

Wiki entries can be greatly improved by adding figures or images. This video explains how to add an image to a wiki entry. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/image/ video] 

===== Advanced editing and wiki management =====

A wiki contains a number of very advanced features. It is impossible to cover and explain all the features here, and this video just covers some to the features you may wish to try. - [http://www.staff.ncl.ac.uk/n.j.morris/wiki/advanced/ video]

==== Additional Help ====

For further help please visit the ‘[[Contents|Help]]’ page on the wiki, or email: [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help with formatting (advanced): [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting general] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links links] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images images] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Tables tables]

Additional information can be found at: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:40:58Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:37:29Z

Njmwiki:

=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' ===

==== What is a wiki? ====

A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it and participate.

==== Searching the wiki (aka finding stuff) ====

Go to the wiki at the above address. On the left hand side of the screen you will see a navigation section. You can either find material by typing the search term in the search box and clicking on ‘Go’, or you can look in the ‘Table of Contents’ (just click the link).

If you cannot find the term in the ‘Table of Contents’ try typing it in to the search box and running a search. This will result in three possible outcomes:

#You find a page on the term
#You find pages that contain the term
#You find no pages and are given the option to create a new page.

==== Creating a new page (or editing an existing page) and adding links ====

To create or edit a page you need to be logged in to the wiki (details sent by email).

===== '''''Creating a new page''''': =====

You have run a search, no pages are returned, and you are presented with a message “'''There is no page titled "XXXXX"'''. You can create this page.” To create a new page just click on ‘create this page’ and on the page that appears start entering the text. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Editing a page:''''' =====

If you have found a page and think you could improve it, or add additional links, then it can be easily edited. On the top of the page there is a little ‘Edit’ tab, just click on it and start editing. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Adding links''''': =====

The real power of a wiki is in linking material. If you are writing/editing a page and you have a term/phrase/word you would like to point to another page that explains it, then you create a link. To create a link just select the word or phrase and click on the ‘Insert/Edit Link’ button on the toolbar of the editor. In the pop-up window that appears type in the name of the link (usually the word or phrase you have selected). If there are any pages in the wiki that may already be a match then these will be suggested, if one is suitable you can select it from the list. Once you have set the link name click ‘OK’. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when you have finished editing the page.

==== Video Help ====

Videos explaining how to perform specific tasks on the wiki are available and cover:

===== Search =====

===== Login =====

===== Page creation =====

===== Page editing =====

===== Uploading files/images =====

===== Advanced editing and wiki management =====

==== Additional Help ====

For further help please visit the ‘[[Contents|Help]]’ page on the wiki, or email: [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help with formatting (advanced): [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting general] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links links] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images images] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Tables tables]

Additional information can be found at: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:36:34Z

Njmwiki:

=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' ===

==== What is a wiki? ====

A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it and participate.

==== Searching the wiki (aka finding stuff) ====

Go to the wiki at the above address. On the left hand side of the screen you will see a navigation section. You can either find material by typing the search term in the search box and clicking on ‘Go’, or you can look in the ‘Table of Contents’ (just click the link).

If you cannot find the term in the ‘Table of Contents’ try typing it in to the search box and running a search. This will result in three possible outcomes:

#You find a page on the term
#You find pages that contain the term
#You find no pages and are given the option to create a new page.

==== Creating a new page (or editing an existing page) and adding links ====

To create or edit a page you need to be logged in to the wiki (details sent by email).

===== '''''Creating a new page''''': =====

You have run a search, no pages are returned, and you are presented with a message “'''There is no page titled "XXXXX"'''. You can create this page.” To create a new page just click on ‘create this page’ and on the page that appears start entering the text. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Editing a page:''''' =====

If you have found a page and think you could improve it, or add additional links, then it can be easily edited. On the top of the page there is a little ‘Edit’ tab, just click on it and start editing. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Adding links''''': =====

The real power of a wiki is in linking material. If you are writing/editing a page and you have a term/phrase/word you would like to point to another page that explains it, then you create a link. To create a link just select the word or phrase and click on the ‘Insert/Edit Link’ button on the toolbar of the editor. In the pop-up window that appears type in the name of the link (usually the word or phrase you have selected). If there are any pages in the wiki that may already be a match then these will be suggested, if one is suitable you can select it from the list. Once you have set the link name click ‘OK’. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when you have finished editing the page.

==== Video Help ====

Videos explaining how to perform specific tasks on the wiki are available and cover:

===== Search =====

===== Login =====

===== Page creation =====

===== Page editing =====

===== Uploading files/images =====

===== Advanced editing and wiki management =====

==== Additional Help ====

For further help please visit the ‘[[Contents|Help]]’ page on the wiki, or email: [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help with formatting (advanced): [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting general] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links links] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images images] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Tables tables]

Additional information can be found at: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:35:39Z

Njmwiki:

=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' ===

==== What is a wiki? ====

A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it and participate.

==== Searching the wiki (aka finding stuff) ====

Go to the wiki at the above address. On the left hand side of the screen you will see a navigation section. You can either find material by typing the search term in the search box and clicking on ‘Go’, or you can look in the ‘Table of Contents’ (just click the link).

If you cannot find the term in the ‘Table of Contents’ try typing it in to the search box and running a search. This will result in three possible outcomes:

#You find a page on the term
#You find pages that contain the term
#You find no pages and are given the option to create a new page.

==== Creating a new page (or editing an existing page) and adding links ====

To create or edit a page you need to be logged in to the wiki (details sent by email).

===== '''''Creating a new page''''': =====

You have run a search, no pages are returned, and you are presented with a message “'''There is no page titled "XXXXX"'''. You can create this page.” To create a new page just click on ‘create this page’ and on the page that appears start entering the text. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Editing a page:''''' =====

If you have found a page and think you could improve it, or add additional links, then it can be easily edited. On the top of the page there is a little ‘Edit’ tab, just click on it and start editing. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when finished.

===== '''''Adding links''''': =====

The real power of a wiki is in linking material. If you are writing/editing a page and you have a term/phrase/word you would like to point to another page that explains it, then you create a link. To create a link just select the word or phrase and click on the ‘Insert/Edit Link’ button on the toolbar of the editor. In the pop-up window that appears type in the name of the link (usually the word or phrase you have selected). If there are any pages in the wiki that may already be a match then these will be suggested, if one is suitable you can select it from the list. Once you have set the link name click ‘OK’. Don’t forget to click ‘Save page’ when you have finished editing the page.

==== Video Help ====

Videos explaining how to perform specific tasks on the wiki are available and cover:

===== Search Login Page creation Page editing Uploading files/images =====

===== Advanced editing and wiki management =====

==== Additional Help ====

For further help please visit the ‘[[Contents|Help]]’ page on the wiki, or email: [mailto:n.j.morris@ncl.ac.uk Dr Nick Morris]

Help with formatting (advanced): [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting general] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links links] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Images images] - [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Tables tables]

Additional information can be found at: http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents

Help:Contents

2010-07-29T13:31:40Z

Njmwiki:

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-28T16:06:59Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:25:54Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:24:05Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:23:30Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:23:08Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:19:42Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:18:59Z

Njmwiki:

Help:Contents

2010-07-28T14:17:35Z

Njmwiki: Created page with '=== '''School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki''' === ==== What is a wiki? ==== A wiki is an online book - think of wikipedia - and a wiki is only as good as the people who use it a…'

Avogadro's number

2010-07-28T12:53:37Z

Njmwiki:

Avogadro's number (also called Avogadro's Constant) = 6.0221415 × 1023 and is the number of [[Atom|atoms]] ([[Ion|ions]] or [[Molecules|molecules]]) in 1 [[Mole|mole]] of material.

The number is derived from the number of [[Atom|atoms]] in 12 g of carbon 12.

Avogadro's number

2010-07-28T12:41:27Z

Njmwiki:

Avogadro's number

2010-07-28T12:07:29Z

Njmwiki:

Chromatography

2010-07-28T08:08:16Z

Njmwiki: Created page with 'Chromatography is a very powerful method that can be used for the purification and separation of molecules in the laboratory. For example, without chromatography, an…'

Chromatography is a very powerful method that can be used for the purification and separation of [[molecule|molecules]] in the laboratory. For example, without chromatography, and the work of a [[Banting|Banting]], [[Best|Best]] and a biochemist called [[Collip|Collip]] (who perfected the purification), we would have no treatment for [[type I diabetes|type I diabetes]], that is, [[insulin|insulin]] would not have been discovered. Without chromatography we wouldn’t be able to sequence [[DNA|DNA]], perform [[PCR|PCR]], and many drugs and biological mechanisms would not have been discovered.

Beer-Lambert Law

2010-07-27T22:26:12Z

Njmwiki:

The amount of light passing through a substance is called [[Transmittance|transmittance]], T or percent [[Transmittance|transmittance]] (%T), and is defined by the following equation:

T = I/Io, %T = I/Io x 100

Where Io is the intensity of the incident light and I is the intensity of the absorbed light. The amount of light of a specified wavelength absorbed by the substance depends on the length of the light path through the substance. The negative [[Logarithm|logarithm]] of the [[Transmittance|transmittance]], the absorbance (A), is directly proportional to the amount of light absorbed and to the length of the light path and is described by the Lambert law, which is expressed as follows:

-log T = -log I/Io = A = K1b

Here b is the length of the medium, usually a solution in a cell, and K1 is a constant.

 [[Image:Scale.png]]

A comparison of the scales for percent [[Transmittance|transmittance]] and absorbance may be used to convert percent transmittance into absorbance.

The negative [[Logarithm|logarithm]] of the transmittance (absorbance) is also directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing substance c and is expressed by Beer law as follows:

-log I/Io = -log T = A = k2c

Combining the two laws as the Lambert-Beer law gives the equation:

-logI/Io = -log T = A = ε.c.l

Where ε is a constant called the extinction coefficient incorporating K1 and k2 (also called molar absorbance). The [[Extinction coefficient|extinction coefficient]] is dependent on the wavelength of the light passing through the substance and on the chemical nature of the substance; l is the path length (cm) and c is the concentration of the substance.

'''DETERMINING THE WAVELENGTH OF MAXIMUM ABSORPTION FOR A SUBSTANCE'''

To use the Lambert-Beer law to determine the concentration of a substance, light of a specified wavelength must be chosen. A spectrum of the pure substance, that is, the absorbance of the substance as a function of the wavelength of the incident light is necessary. This is most easily obtained using a recording spectrophotometer with a double beam, which is able to scan the wavelengths and thus identify the wavelength(s) of maximum absorbance.

'''DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF A SUBSTANCE BY [[Spectrophotometry|SPECTROPHOTOMETRY]] USING A STANDARD CURVE'''

Quantitation of an unknown concentration of a substance in a given biological fluid is nearly always carried out by construction of a standard curve. In spectrophotometry, like many other analytical techniques, the instrument response (absorbance) is plotted against known concentrations of standard solutions. A plot of the absorbance versus concentration should give a linear curve whose slope is the extinction coefficient when the cell length is 1.00 cm.

The measurement of the amount of light absorbed may be either as percent transmittance (%T) or as absorbance (A). Absorbance is used more often than percent transmittance because this variable is linear with the concentration of the absorbing substance, whereas percent transmittance is exponential. The measurement of concentration is best achieved between 0.05 and 0.3 absorbance or between 90% and 50% transmittance. The errors in measuring absorbance values of 1 or 2 could be very large. The concentration of an unknown amount of a substance can be determined from a plot of the absorbance (A) versus concentration (standard curve).  The readings are taken by placing the sample in a [[Cuvette|cuvette]] and taking the measurements, at the correct wavelength, using a [[Spectrophotometer|spectrophotometer]].

To plot a standard curve a linear curve (straight line) is drawn to best fit the scatter of data points as shown below:

 

[[Image:Standard curve.png|A very simple standard curve]]

 

When drawing a curve it is important that you:

#Use a sharp pencil to draw all lines and plot points
#If the line is supposed to be a straight line then use a ruler!
#Give the graph a title and label the axis (do not forget the units!)
#Use appropriate scales on the axis and provide sufficient value markers.

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T22:03:33Z

Njmwiki:

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T22:02:23Z

Njmwiki:

Main Page

2010-07-27T15:06:02Z

Njmwiki: moved Main Page to School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

#REDIRECT [[School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki]]

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-27T15:06:02Z

Njmwiki: moved Main Page to School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

MediaWiki:Mainpage

2010-07-27T15:05:27Z

Njmwiki:

School_of_Biomedical_Sciences_Wiki

MediaWiki:Mainpage

2010-07-27T15:02:22Z

Njmwiki: Created page with 'School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki'

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

MediaWiki:Mainpage-description

2010-07-27T14:58:36Z

Njmwiki:

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

MediaWiki:Mainpage-description

2010-07-27T14:58:24Z

Njmwiki: Created page with 'School of Biomedical Sceices Wiki'

School of Biomedical Sceices Wiki

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-27T14:55:08Z

Njmwiki:

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-27T14:52:28Z

Njmwiki: Blanked the page

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-27T14:48:47Z

Njmwiki: Redirected page to School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

#REDIRECT [[School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki]]

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T14:39:23Z

Njmwiki:

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T14:38:42Z

Njmwiki:

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T14:38:14Z

Njmwiki:

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T14:37:57Z

Njmwiki:

MediaWiki:Sidebar

2010-07-27T14:37:43Z

School of Biomedical Sciences Wiki

2010-07-27T14:27:59Z

Njmwiki: moved Main Page to Home Page

#REDIRECT [[Home Page]]