Edward's Syndrome - Revision history

180220197: more information on the Edwards syndrome and why many babies are miscarried/aborted with reference to my source of information.

2018-12-09T19:30:38Z

more information on the Edwards syndrome and why many babies are miscarried/aborted with reference to my source of information.

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:30, 9 December 2018
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	Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a [[Trisomy 18\|trisomy of chromosome 18]] (where there are three copies of chromosome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>.		Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a [[Trisomy 18\|trisomy of chromosome 18]] (where there are three copies of chromosome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>.

	Edwards Syndrome occurs when there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], making this syndrome a genetic defect		Edwards Syndrome occurs when there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], making this syndrome a genetic defect
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	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There may be a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] wherein only some cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There may be a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] wherein only some cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].

	This rare syndrome is three times more common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that may occur are very widespread but are usually most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull<ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.		This rare syndrome is three times more common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that may occur are very widespread but are usually most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull<ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.

	Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:		Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:
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	*smooth 'rocker-bottom' feet (with a rounded base)		*smooth 'rocker-bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live longer will live with severe disabilities. However, those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.		The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn This occurs due to the chromosomal abnormality the pregnancy cannot progress properly and the functioning of the pregnancy is abnormal. However miscarriages aren’t always the case and parents have to make the choice whether to terminate their pregnancy. After screening parents are advised to terminate the pregnancy due to how serious the disease is and the chances of survival are slim after birth, with many babies surviving only a few days. <ref>conditions C. Edwards' syndrome [Internet]. BabyCentre UK. 2018 [cited 6 December 2018]. Available from: https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a1024183/edwards-syndrome</ref> 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live longer will live with severe disabilities. However, those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.

	Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.		Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

Nnjm2: Cleaned up the references. Cleaned up the text.

2017-11-28T19:24:28Z

Cleaned up the references. Cleaned up the text.

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:24, 28 November 2017
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	Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a [[Trisomy 18\|trisomy of chromosome 18]] (where~~ ~~there are three copies of~~ chromsome~~ 18).~~ ~~This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to,~~ ~~an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>		Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a [[Trisomy 18\|trisomy of chromosome 18]] (where there are three copies of chromosome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>.

	Edwards Syndrome occurs when there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], making this syndrome a genetic defect.		Edwards Syndrome occurs when there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], making this syndrome a genetic defect

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There ~~maybe~~ a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] ~~where in~~ only some cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There may be a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] wherein only some cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].

	This rare ~~sydrome~~ is three times more common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that may occur are very widespread but are usually most severe~~ ~~in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>~~<br>~~		This rare syndrome is three times more common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that may occur are very widespread but are usually most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull<ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.

	Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:		Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:
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	*long fingers that overlap, with short fingernails and clenched fists		*long fingers that overlap, with short fingernails and clenched fists
	*low-set ears		*low-set ears
	*smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)~~ ~~		*smooth 'rocker-bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3%~~ ~~of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.		The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live longer will live with severe disabilities. However, those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.

	Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells and the extra chromosome is~~ ~~either in~~ ~~the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.		Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

	Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.~~<br>~~		Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.

	=== Types of Edward's Syndrome: ===		=== Types of Edward's Syndrome: ===
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	==== Partial trisomy 18: ====		==== Partial trisomy 18: ====

	The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby therefore have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.		The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby, therefore, have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.

	=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===		=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===

	These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for [[Down Syndrome\|Down syndrome]]. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)~~ ~~or ][http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There~~ ~~is no cure for Edward's syndrome~~ ~~<ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.		These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via a blood test for [[Down Syndrome\|Down syndrome]]. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or ][http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome<ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.

	=== References ===		=== References ===

	<references />		<references />

170048631: Added a few links, corrected bits of grammar, tidied up long links.

2017-11-28T14:50:46Z

Added a few links, corrected bits of grammar, tidied up long links.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:50, 28 November 2017
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	Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder ~~which is~~ caused by a [[Trisomy\|~~Trisomy~~ of chromosome 18 (where there are three copies of chromsome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.]]<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>		Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a [[Trisomy 18\|trisomy of chromosome 18]] (where there are three copies of chromsome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>

	Edwards Syndrome ~~is where~~ there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18, so this syndrome ~~is due to~~ a genetic defect.]]		Edwards Syndrome occurs when there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], making this syndrome a genetic defect.

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some ~~of the babys~~ cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].

	This rare sydrome is ~~most~~ common in females rather than males.~~ ~~It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that ~~they~~ may ~~have~~ are very widespread but ~~they~~ usually ~~are the~~ most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref><br>		This rare sydrome is three times more common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that may occur are very widespread but are usually most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref><br>

	Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:		Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:
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	*smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)		*smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live ~~for~~ longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.		The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.

	Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells, and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.		Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

	Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.		Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.<br>

	~~The disease affects three times more females than males.~~

	=== Types of Edward's Syndrome: ===		=== Types of Edward's Syndrome: ===
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	=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===		=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===

	These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or ][http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.		These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for [[Down Syndrome\|Down syndrome]]. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or ][http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.

	=== References ===		=== References ===

	<references />		<references />

140077962 at 21:45, 25 November 2015

2015-11-25T21:45:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:45, 25 November 2015
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	~~Edwards~~ Syndrome is a genetic disorder which is caused by a [[Trisomy]] of chromosome 18 ~~and~~ affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>		Edward's Syndrome is a genetic disorder which is caused by a [[Trisomy\|Trisomy of chromosome 18 (where there are three copies of chromsome 18). This affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.]]<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>

	Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.		Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18, so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.]]

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].
Line 39:		Line 39:
	=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===		=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===

	These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.		These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or ][http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.

	=== References ===		=== References ===

	<references />		<references />

Nnjm2 at 01:51, 26 November 2013

2013-11-26T01:51:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:51, 26 November 2013
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			Edwards Syndrome is a genetic disorder which is caused by a [[Trisomy]] of chromosome 18 and affects approximately 1 in 3000-5000 live births. Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, an abnormally shaped head with a small jaw, heart and kidney problems and bone abnormalities.<ref>NHS. (2012). Edwards Syndrome. Available: http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Last accessed 25th Nov 2013</ref>

	Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.		Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full [[~~trisomys~~\|trisomys]].		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full [[Trisomys\|trisomys]].

	This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref><br>		This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref><br>
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	==== Full form: ====		==== Full form: ====

	The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of [[~~chromosome~~ 18\|chromosome 18]], instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.		The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.

	==== Mosaic trisomy 18: ====		==== Mosaic trisomy 18: ====
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	=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===		=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===

	These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.		These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.

	=== References ===		=== References ===

	<references />		<references />

Nnjm2: General clean up, sorted out reference, added in some links.

2013-11-25T01:38:45Z

General clean up, sorted out reference, added in some links.

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:38, 25 November 2013
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	Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.		Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full [[trisomys\|trisomys]].

	This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>		This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref><br>

	<br>

	Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:		Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:

	-a small, abnormally shaped head		*a small, abnormally shaped head
			*a small jaw and mouth
	-a small jaw and mouth		*long fingers that overlap, with short fingernails and clenched fists
			*low-set ears
	-long fingers that overlap, with short fingernails and clenched fists		*smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	-low-set ears

	-smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live for longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.		The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live for longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.

	~~<br>~~		Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. [[Trisomy 18\|Trisomy 18]] (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells, and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

	~~<br>~~

	Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. Trisomy 18 (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells, and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

	Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.		Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.
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	The disease affects three times more females than males.		The disease affects three times more females than males.

	~~<br>~~		=== Types of Edward's Syndrome: ===

	~~Types of Edward's Syndrome~~:		==== Full form: ====

	~~1) Full~~ form~~:<br>~~		The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of [[chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.

	~~The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of chromosome 18, instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.~~		==== Mosaic trisomy 18: ====

	2)Mosaic trisomy 18:

	Here the babies have the extra copy of chromosome 18 in only ''some'' of the body cells, therefore this form is less severe. The severity depends on the type and number of cells that have the extra chromosome. Some babies may only be mildly affected, while some can be severely disabled.		Here the babies have the extra copy of chromosome 18 in only ''some'' of the body cells, therefore this form is less severe. The severity depends on the type and number of cells that have the extra chromosome. Some babies may only be mildly affected, while some can be severely disabled.

	3)Partial trisomy 18:		==== Partial trisomy 18: ====

	The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby therefore have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.		The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby therefore have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.

	~~<br>~~		=== Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy: ===

	Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy:

	These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome. <ref name=~~"Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>~~

	<br>		These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>.

	References		=== References ===

	<references /~~> <references /><br~~>		<references />

130095165 at 20:16, 24 November 2013

2013-11-24T20:16:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:16, 24 November 2013
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	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.

	This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>		This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>

			<br>

			Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:
	Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:

	-a small, abnormally shaped head		-a small, abnormally shaped head
Line 17:		Line 17:
	-low-set ears		-low-set ears

	-smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)		-smooth 'rocker bottom' feet (with a rounded base)

	The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live for longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.		The majority of babies with Edward's syndrome are miscarried or stillborn. 33.3% of babies born alive usually die due to severe medical problems. The few that do live for longer will live with severe disabilities. However those born with just the mosaic and partial forms can live longer, into their adult years.

			<br>

			<br>

			Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. Trisomy 18 (developing three copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells, and the extra chromosome is either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father.

			Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.

	~~Edward's syndrome is rarely inherited. Trisomy 18 (developing~~ three ~~copies of chromosome 18) usually happens randomly during the formation of eggs and sperm. There is an error in the division of cells, and the extra chromosome is~~ ~~either in the egg cell produced by the mother or in the sperm cell produced by the father~~.		The disease affects three times more females than males.

	~~Because this happens randomly, it's extremely unlikely for parents to have more than one pregnancy affected by Edward's syndrome.~~		<br>

	~~The disease affects three times more females than males.~~		Types of Edward's Syndrome:

			1) Full form:<br>

	~~Types of Edward's Syndrome:~~

	1) Full form:<br>

	The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of chromosome 18, instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.		The most common form, where cells have 3 copies of chromosome 18, instead of the regular 2. Most will die before infancy.

	2)Mosaic trisomy 18:		2)Mosaic trisomy 18:

	Here the babies have the extra copy of chromosome 18 in only ''some'' of the body cells, therefore this form is less severe. The severity depends on the type and number of cells that have the extra chromosome. Some babies may only be mildly affected, while some can be severely disabled.		Here the babies have the extra copy of chromosome 18 in only ''some'' of the body cells, therefore this form is less severe. The severity depends on the type and number of cells that have the extra chromosome. Some babies may only be mildly affected, while some can be severely disabled.

	3)Partial trisomy 18:		3)Partial trisomy 18:

	The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby therefore have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.		The babies still have an extra copy of chromosome 18, however just a part/segment of it. Similarly, the severity depends on the size of the segment that is tripled. The affects on the baby therefore have a wider range, from very less affected to heavily disabled.

	<br>		<br>

	~~Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy:~~

	~~These invasive tests allow parents to opt~~ for ~~termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down~~'s syndrome~~. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http~~://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome. <ref>[2]</ref>		Testing for Edward's syndrome during pregnancy:

			These invasive tests allow parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy. Almost every time, signs that the baby may be affected are picked up at the 'routine 18-20 week ultrasound fetal anomaly scan' or via blood test for Down's syndrome. [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chorionic-Villus-sampling/Pages/Introduction.aspx Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)] or [http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/amniocentesis/Pages/Introduction.aspx amniocentesis] tests detect whether the foetal development will become or already has become abnormal. There is no cure for Edward's syndrome. <ref name="Edward's Syndrome (trisomy 18)">http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref>

			<br>

	References		References

	<references /> <references /><br>		<references /> <references /><br>

130095165 at 20:11, 24 November 2013

2013-11-24T20:11:20Z

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.
-This sydrome is rare but in the cases that have been reported most are in girls.&nbsp;It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications.
+This rare sydrome is most common in females rather than males.&nbsp;It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications. The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe&nbsp;in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>
-<references /><br>
+Physical signs of Edward's syndrome include:

120519697 at 11:48, 16 November 2013

2013-11-16T11:48:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:48, 16 November 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~Edward's~~ Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[~~chromosome~~ 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.		Edwards Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[Chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[~~full~~ trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[~~mosaic~~ trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[Full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[Mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.

	This sydrome is rare but in the cases that have been reported most are in girls. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications.		This sydrome is rare but in the cases that have been reported most are in girls. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications.
Line 7:		Line 7:
	The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.<br>		The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.<br>

	=== References ===		=== References ===

	<references /><br>		<references /><br>

Nnjm2 at 12:17, 17 October 2013

2013-10-17T12:17:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:17, 17 October 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
	Edward's Syndrome is where there is a defect to ~~chromasome~~ 18, so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.		Edward's Syndrome is where there is a defect to [[chromosome 18\|chromosome 18]], so this syndrome is due to a genetic defect.

	There are two different types of problem that can occur about the ~~chromasome~~. There maybe a full trisomy of ~~chromasome~~ 18 or there maybe a mosaic trisomy where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.		There are two different types of problem that can occur about the chromosome. There maybe a [[full trisomy\|full trisomy]] of chromosome 18 or there maybe a [[mosaic trisomy\|mosaic trisomy]] where in only some of the babys cells are there full trisomys.

	This sydrome is rare but in the cases that have been reported most are in girls. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications.		This sydrome is rare but in the cases that have been reported most are in girls. It is usually only seen in the foetus however when a baby is born with it their life expectancy is very low with serious complications.

	The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull.		The complications that they may have are very widespread but they usually are the most severe in the brain, heart, stomach, kidney and skull <ref>(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http://www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13</ref>.<br>

			=== References ===

			<references /><br>
	~~Reference~~

	~~(2009), Edwards Syndrome, http:~~/~~/www.chromosome18.org/. Last accessed 17/10/13~~