Crossing over: Difference between revisions
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Crossing over occurs once chromosomal replication has occurred in [[Meiosis|meiosis]], (i.e. when all the bivalents have 4 [[Chromatid|chromatids]].) It is the process whereby homologous [[Chromosome|chromosomes]] exchange sections of genetic material. Crossing over is essential to the survival of a population as it contributes to genetic variation. <ref>Hartl and Jones, ( | Crossing over occurs once chromosomal replication has occurred in [[Meiosis|meiosis]], (i.e. when all the bivalents have 4 [[Chromatid|chromatids]].<ref>Hartl and Jones, (2009,) Genetics analysis of genes and genomes, 7th edition, London: Jones and Bartlett publishers.</ref>) It is the process whereby homologous [[Chromosome|chromosomes]] exchange sections of genetic material. Crossing over is essential to the survival of a population as it contributes to genetic variation. Crossing over plays a big role in genetic variation is animals, specially humans. It explains why a couple can have e.g. 5 children and still none of them look the same.<br> | ||
=== Multiple crossing over === | |||
Multiple crossovers usually occurs when two genes are far apart from each other along a chromosome. It can happen in a single meiosis and the chance of getting multiple crossovers can be enhanced by increasing the distance between genes. Multiple crossing over is the reason for the recombination data within the chromosomes. There are several types of multiple crossing over, for example two-strand double crossing over, three-strand double crossing over and four-strand crossing over. It usually happens from independent assortment of the genes.<ref>Hartl and Jones, (2012) Genetics analysis of genes and genomes, 7th edition, London: Jones and Bartlett publishers.</ref> | |||
=== References === | |||
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Latest revision as of 14:01, 18 October 2016
Crossing over occurs once chromosomal replication has occurred in meiosis, (i.e. when all the bivalents have 4 chromatids.[1]) It is the process whereby homologous chromosomes exchange sections of genetic material. Crossing over is essential to the survival of a population as it contributes to genetic variation. Crossing over plays a big role in genetic variation is animals, specially humans. It explains why a couple can have e.g. 5 children and still none of them look the same.
Multiple crossing over
Multiple crossovers usually occurs when two genes are far apart from each other along a chromosome. It can happen in a single meiosis and the chance of getting multiple crossovers can be enhanced by increasing the distance between genes. Multiple crossing over is the reason for the recombination data within the chromosomes. There are several types of multiple crossing over, for example two-strand double crossing over, three-strand double crossing over and four-strand crossing over. It usually happens from independent assortment of the genes.[2]