Essential amino acids: Difference between revisions
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Of the 20 [[Amino Acids|amino acids]] found in proteins, 9 are considered to be essential. This means they cannot be synthesised by vertebrates and are acquired from other organisms, such as plants, as part of a vertebrate's diet. | |||
The 9 essential amino acids are [[Histidine|histidine]], [[Isoleucine|isoleucine]], [[Leucine|leucine]], [[Lysine|lysine]], [[Methionine|methionine]], [[Phenylalanine|phenylalanine]], [[Threonine|threonine]], [[Tryptophan|tryptophan]] and [[Valine|valine]]<ref>Alberts, B; Johnson, A; Lewis, J; Morgan, D; Raff, M; Roberts, K; Walter, P. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Garland Science. 2015. pages 86-87</ref>. | |||
{| width="200" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" | {| width="200" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" | ||
|+ The 9 essential amino acids | |+ The 9 essential amino acids | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="col" | Amino Acid | ! scope="col" | Amino Acid | ||
! scope="col" | Single letter code | ! scope="col" | Single letter code | ||
! scope="col" | Three letter code | ! scope="col" | Three letter code | ||
! scope="col" | Charge (+/-/neutral) | ! scope="col" | Charge (+/-/neutral) | ||
! scope="col" | Polar/ nonpolar | ! scope="col" | Polar/ nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Histidine | | Histidine | ||
| H | | H | ||
| His | | His | ||
| +ve | | +ve | ||
| polar | | polar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Isoleucine | | Isoleucine | ||
| I | | I | ||
| Ile | | Ile | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Leucine | | Leucine | ||
| L | | L | ||
| Leu | | Leu | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Lysine | | Lysine | ||
| K | | K | ||
| Lys | | Lys | ||
| +ve | | +ve | ||
| polar | | polar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Methionine | | Methionine | ||
| M | | M | ||
| Met | | Met | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Phenylalanine | | Phenylalanine | ||
| F | | F | ||
| Phe | | Phe | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Threonine | | Threonine | ||
| T | | T | ||
| Thr | | Thr | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| polar | | polar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Tryptophan | | Tryptophan | ||
| W | | W | ||
| Trp | | Trp | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Valine | | Valine | ||
| V | | V | ||
| Val | | Val | ||
| neutral | | neutral | ||
| nonpolar | | nonpolar | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Latest revision as of 22:01, 5 December 2017
Of the 20 amino acids found in proteins, 9 are considered to be essential. This means they cannot be synthesised by vertebrates and are acquired from other organisms, such as plants, as part of a vertebrate's diet.
The 9 essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine[1].
| Amino Acid | Single letter code | Three letter code | Charge (+/-/neutral) | Polar/ nonpolar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histidine | H | His | +ve | polar |
| Isoleucine | I | Ile | neutral | nonpolar |
| Leucine | L | Leu | neutral | nonpolar |
| Lysine | K | Lys | +ve | polar |
| Methionine | M | Met | neutral | nonpolar |
| Phenylalanine | F | Phe | neutral | nonpolar |
| Threonine | T | Thr | neutral | polar |
| Tryptophan | W | Trp | neutral | nonpolar |
| Valine | V | Val | neutral | nonpolar |
References
- ↑ Alberts, B; Johnson, A; Lewis, J; Morgan, D; Raff, M; Roberts, K; Walter, P. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Garland Science. 2015. pages 86-87