Epithelital cells: Difference between revisions

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Epithelial [[Cells|cells]] are&nbsp;that line the surfaces of parts of the body <sup>(1)</sup>. They are joined together in layers with one side exposed and the other is attached to a [[Basement membrane|basement membrane]]&nbsp;<sup>(1)</sup>.<br>
Epithelial [[Cells|cells]] are that line the surfaces of parts of the body<ref>Mosby's Medical Dictionary, the free dictionary by farlex, Epithelial cells, 2009, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epithelial+cell</ref>. They are joined together in layers with one side exposed and the other is attached to a [[Basement membrane|basement membrane]]<ref>Mosby's Medical Dictionary, the free dictionary by farlex, Epithelial cells, 2009, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epithelial+cell</ref>.  


<u>Shapes</u>
=== Shapes ===


There are three main shapes of epithelial cells:  
There are three main shapes of epithelial cells:  


#[[Squamous|Squamous]]- comes from the Latin word for scales and describes the cells appearance <sup>(2)</sup>. They can also be described as simple which refers to the fact that they are present in a single layer <sup>(2)</sup>. They are thin and flat which gives a short diffusion pathway for some [[Exchange systems|exchange systems]]&nbsp;<sup>(2)</sup>.  
#[[Squamous|Squamous]]- comes from the Latin word for scales and describes the appearance of the cells<ref>Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html</ref>. They can also be described as simple which refers to the fact that they are present in a single layer<ref>Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html</ref>. They are thin and flat which gives a short diffusion pathway for some [[Exchange systems|exchange systems]]<ref>Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html</ref>.  
#Columnar- epithelial cells which are rectangular in shape and joined in rows creating this columnar appearance, making them harder to damage <sup>(3)</sup>.  
#Columnar- epithelial cells which are rectangular in shape and joined in rows creating this columnar appearance, making them harder to damage<ref>Biology dictionary, Simple Columnar Epithelium, ND, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://biologydictionary.net/simple-columnar-epithelium/</ref>.  
#Cuboidal- as the word suggests the cells are cuboid shapes, similar to the squamous epithelial cells except for the fact that they are not flat <sup>(4)</sup>.
#Cuboidal- as the word suggests the cells are cuboid shapes, similar to the squamous epithelial cells except for the fact that they are not flat<ref name="buzz">Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html</ref>.


<br>
=== Where they are present in the body and their functions  ===


<u></u><u>Where they are present in the body and their functions</u>  
Squamous epithelium are present in the [[Lungs|lungs]], [[Blood vessels|blood vessels]] and [[Kidneys|kidneys]]<ref name="lean">Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</ref>. In the lungs they form the structure of the [[Alveoli|alveoli]], allowing [[Carbon dioxide|carbon dioxide]] to be removed from the [[Blood|blood]] and oxygen to enter<ref name="lean">Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</ref>. Their shape provides a short [[Diffusion|diffusion pathway]] which increases the efficiency of [[Gaseous exchange|gas exchange]]<ref name="lean">Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</ref>. In blood, they reduce friction and regulates blood pressure<ref name="lean">Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</ref>. In the kidneys they allow a faster rate of filtration of the blood<ref name="lean">Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</ref>.


<u></u>Squamous epithelium are present in the [[Lungs|lungs]], [[Blood vessels|blood vessels]] and [[Kidneys|kidneys]]&nbsp;<sup>(5)</sup>. In the lungs they form the structure of the [[Alveoli|alveoli]], allowing [[Carbon dioxide|carbon dioxide]] to be removed from the [[Blood|blood]]&nbsp;and oxygen to enter <sup>(5)</sup>. Their shape provides a short [[Diffusion|diffusion pathway]] which increases the efficiency of [[Gaseous exchange|gas exchange]]&nbsp;<sup>(5)</sup>. In blood they reduce friction and regulates blood pressure <sup>(5)</sup>. In the kidneys they allow a faster rate of filtration of the blood <sup>(5)</sup>.  
Columnar epithelium are present in bronchioles, intestines, [[Stomach|stomach]], [[Endometrium|endometrium]], [[Fallopian tubes|fallopian tubes]] and rectum<ref name="buzz">Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html</ref>. They are present in these places order to help with secretion and absorption<ref name="buzz">Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html</ref>.  


Columnar epithelium are present in bronchioles, intestines, [[Stomach|stomach]], [[Endometrium|endometrium]], [[Fallopian tubes|fallopian tubes]] and rectum <sup>(4)</sup>. They are present in these places order to help with secretion and absorption <sup>(4)</sup>.&nbsp;
<u></u>Cuboidal epithelium is present in the [[Pancreas|pancreas]],[[Bronchioles|bronchioles]],[[Kidney|kidney]] and various glands aiding in [[Secretion|secretion]], selective passage of materials and protection<ref name="buzz">Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html</ref>.


<u></u>Cuboidal epithelium is present in the [[Pancreas|pancreas]],[[Bronchioles|bronchioles]],[[Kidney|kidney]] and various glands aiding in [[Secretion|secretion]], selective passage of materials and protection <sup>(4)</sup>.&nbsp;
=== References  ===


<u>References:</u>
<references />
 
1.&nbsp;Mosby's Medical Dictionary, the free dictionary by farlex, Epithelial cells, 2009, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epithelial+cell
 
2.&nbsp;Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html
 
3.&nbsp;Biology dictionary, Simple Columnar Epithelium, ND, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://biologydictionary.net/simple-columnar-epithelium/
 
4.&nbsp;Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html
 
<span style="font-size: 13.28px;">5.&nbsp;Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/</span>
 
<br>

Latest revision as of 08:58, 6 December 2017

Epithelial cells are that line the surfaces of parts of the body[1]. They are joined together in layers with one side exposed and the other is attached to a basement membrane[2].

Shapes

There are three main shapes of epithelial cells:

  1. Squamous- comes from the Latin word for scales and describes the appearance of the cells[3]. They can also be described as simple which refers to the fact that they are present in a single layer[4]. They are thin and flat which gives a short diffusion pathway for some exchange systems[5].
  2. Columnar- epithelial cells which are rectangular in shape and joined in rows creating this columnar appearance, making them harder to damage[6].
  3. Cuboidal- as the word suggests the cells are cuboid shapes, similar to the squamous epithelial cells except for the fact that they are not flat[7].

Where they are present in the body and their functions

Squamous epithelium are present in the lungs, blood vessels and kidneys[8]. In the lungs they form the structure of the alveoli, allowing carbon dioxide to be removed from the blood and oxygen to enter[8]. Their shape provides a short diffusion pathway which increases the efficiency of gas exchange[8]. In blood, they reduce friction and regulates blood pressure[8]. In the kidneys they allow a faster rate of filtration of the blood[8].

Columnar epithelium are present in bronchioles, intestines, stomach, endometrium, fallopian tubes and rectum[7]. They are present in these places order to help with secretion and absorption[7].

Cuboidal epithelium is present in the pancreas,bronchioles,kidney and various glands aiding in secretion, selective passage of materials and protection[7].

References

  1. ↑ Mosby's Medical Dictionary, the free dictionary by farlex, Epithelial cells, 2009, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epithelial+cell
  2. ↑ Mosby's Medical Dictionary, the free dictionary by farlex, Epithelial cells, 2009, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/epithelial+cell
  3. ↑ Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html
  4. ↑ Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html
  5. ↑ Study.com, What is Simple Squamous Epithelium?, ND, [cited 5/12/17]: Available from: https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-simple-squamous-epithelium.html
  6. ↑ Biology dictionary, Simple Columnar Epithelium, ND, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://biologydictionary.net/simple-columnar-epithelium/
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Buzzle, Location, Structure, and Function of the Simple Cuboidal Epithelium, 2016, [cited 05/12/17], Available from: https://www.buzzle.com/articles/simple-cuboidal-epithelium-location-structure-and-function.html
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Leann Mikesh, livestrong.com, What Are the Functions of Simple Squamous Epithelial Cells?, 2017, [cited 05/12/17]: Available from: https://www.livestrong.com/article/521075-supplements-that-affect-platelet-count/
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