Watson-crick base pairing: Difference between revisions

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DNA consists of two types of bases namely; [[Purine|Purines]] and [[Pyrimidine|Pyrimidines]]. There are two types of Purines: [[Adenine|Adenine]] and [[Guanine|Guanine]] as well as two types of Pyrimidines: [[Cytosine|Cytosine]] and [[Thymine|Thymine ]]. In the Watson-Crick DNA base pairing model a Purine always binds with a Pyrimidine, however, each purine binds to one particular type of pyrimidine.
See [[Watson-Crick_base_pairing|Watson-Crick base pairing]]
 
Adenine(A) binds to Thymine(T) whilst, Guanine(G) binds to Cytosine(C); although in RNA&nbsp;Unracil (U)&nbsp;is substituted for Thymine(T). This base pairing is referred to as complementary, hence the base pairs are called complementary base pairs.&nbsp;<ref>Hartl D., Ruvolo M. (2012)Genetics; Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 8th edition, Burlington: Jones and Barlett.</ref>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The base pairs are bound by [[Hydrogen_bonds|Hydrogen bonds]], although the number of H-bonds differs between base pairs. G-C base pairs are bound by three (3) Hydrogen bonds whilst, A-T base pairs are bound by two (2) Hydrogen bonds as illustrated by Figure 1.1 below.
 
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Image:BASE_PAIRS.png|297x266px|Figure 1.1 A-T and G-C base pairs]]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
=== Importance&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ===
 
Watson-Crick base&nbsp;pairing is of very great importance as it&nbsp;is a deciding factor in [[Semi-conservative_replication|DNA&nbsp;Replication]].<ref>Genetic Science Learning Center (2011) Build a DNA Molecule. Learn.Genetics. Available at: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/dna/builddna/. [Last assessed: 26/11/2011] University of Utah</ref> It ensures that pairs form between complementary bases only. The formation of base pairs between two non-complementary bases&nbsp;results in&nbsp;[[Mutations|gene mutations ]]which can be detrimental to development of an organism.
 
=== References ===
 
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Latest revision as of 10:02, 3 December 2011

See Watson-Crick base pairing

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