Copper

Copper (Cu) is a transition metal with an atomic weight of 63.5g, it has an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d10 4s1 enabling it to form oxidation states of +1 and +2 .In its purest form it is a distinctive reddish-brown colour; however, once exposed to the atmosphere it slowly reacts forming a black oxide layer upon its surface. It is mined as copper ores (mostly copper sulphides) which contain on average only 0.6% copper. It is commonly used in wiring because of its high thermal and electrical conductivity, as well as in pipe work as it is very ductile.