Parkinson's Disease: Difference between revisions
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Parkinson’s disease is an [[Idiopathic|idiopathic]] and has no known cause. It is normally due to the degeneration of [[Dopaminergic neurone|dopaminergic neurones]] of the nigrostriatal tract and loss of DA neurotransmission in the striatum. The symptoms of this disease are a resting tremor, muscle rigidity and suppression of voluntary movements (hypokinesis). | Parkinson’s disease, also known as hypokinetic rigid syndrome (HRS), is an [[Idiopathic|idiopathic]] and has no known cause. It is normally due to the degeneration of [[Dopaminergic neurone|dopaminergic neurones]] of the nigrostriatal tract and loss of DA neurotransmission in the striatum. The symptoms of this disease are a resting tremor, muscle rigidity and suppression of voluntary movements (hypokinesis). In the later stages, mental and behavioural problems may occur such as depression and even dementia. | ||
The main 4 dopaminergic pathways are:- | The main 4 dopaminergic pathways are:- | ||
#<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Nigrostriatal - </span>Substantia nigra to [[Striatum|striatum]] | #<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Nigrostriatal - </span>Substantia nigra to [[Striatum|striatum]] | ||
#[[Striatum|Striatum]]<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mesolimbic - </span>Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens | #[[Striatum|Striatum]] <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mesolimbic - </span>Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens | ||
#<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mesocortical - </span>Ventral tegmental area to [[Frontal cortex|frontal cortex]] | #<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Mesocortical - </span>Ventral tegmental area to [[Frontal cortex|frontal cortex]] | ||
#[[Frontal cortex|Frontal cortex]]<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Tuberoinfundibular - </span>Arcuate nucleus to [[Pituitary gland|pituitary gland]] | #[[Frontal cortex|Frontal cortex]] <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Tuberoinfundibular - </span>Arcuate nucleus to [[Pituitary gland|pituitary gland]] | ||
<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The [[ | <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The [[Decarboxylase inhibitor|decarboxylase inhibitor]] – carbidopa, the </span>[[MAO|MAO inhibitor]]<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">: Selegiline and </span>[[D2 receptor|D2 receptor agonists]]<span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> like [[Bromocriptine|Bromocriptine]] can be used to treat Parkinson’s disease.</span> | ||
Revision as of 02:13, 24 October 2013
Parkinson’s disease, also known as hypokinetic rigid syndrome (HRS), is an idiopathic and has no known cause. It is normally due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurones of the nigrostriatal tract and loss of DA neurotransmission in the striatum. The symptoms of this disease are a resting tremor, muscle rigidity and suppression of voluntary movements (hypokinesis). In the later stages, mental and behavioural problems may occur such as depression and even dementia.
The main 4 dopaminergic pathways are:-
- Nigrostriatal - Substantia nigra to striatum
- Striatum Mesolimbic - Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens
- Mesocortical - Ventral tegmental area to frontal cortex
- Frontal cortex Tuberoinfundibular - Arcuate nucleus to pituitary gland
The decarboxylase inhibitor – carbidopa, the MAO inhibitor: Selegiline and D2 receptor agonists like Bromocriptine can be used to treat Parkinson’s disease.