Muscle fibres: Difference between revisions
Muscle Fibre arrangement |
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<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The muscle cells in skeletal muscle are known as muscle fibres that have many [[ | <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">The muscle cells in skeletal muscle are known as muscle fibres that have many [[Mitochondria|mitochondria]] and [[Nuclei|nuclei]] distributed throughout. The mitochondria are present to allow [[Aerobic_respiration|aerobic respiration]] to occur Each of the fibres contain multiple [[Myofibrils|myofibrils]] that are made up of repeating units of the [[Sarcomere|sarcomere]]. The sarcomere is made up of two sets of filaments; [[Actin|actin]] (thin) and [[Myosin|myosin]] (thick). There are distinct sections within the sarcomere:</span> | ||
*The A band: The centre section of the sarcomere. It contains the whole length of the myosin filaments including the overlap with the thin filaments | *The A band: The centre section of the sarcomere. It contains the whole length of the myosin filaments including the overlap with the thin filaments | ||
*The I band: Only actin filaments are present | *The I band: Only actin filaments are present | ||
*The M line: In the centre of the thick filaments, holding them together | *The M line: In the centre of the thick filaments, holding them together | ||
*The H zone: The centre of the A band that contains only the thick filaments | *The H zone: The centre of the A band that contains only the thick filaments | ||
*The Z line: The end of the sarcomere. It holds the thin filaments together | *The Z line: The end of the sarcomere. It holds the thin filaments together | ||
The [[ | The [[Myosin|myosin]] filaments have a long tail and a globular head which attaches to [[Actin filaments|actin]] during contraction. The [[Actin filaments|actin filaments]] consist of two F actin strands coiled into a double helix. Tropomyosin and troponin are wound around the double helix to give the overall structure of the thin filaments<ref>[Rhoades R., Pflanzer R. (1996) Human Physiology, 3rd edition, Orlando: Saunders College Publishing] Pages 472-474</ref>.<br> | ||
The muscle fibres can be arranged differently depending on their function. Sometimes muscle fibres are arranged parallel to their muscle-force axis, this architecture of muscle is called parallel or longitudinally arranged muscle fibres. As well as orientation of muscle fibres they can all be positioned in one direction, unipennate muscles , or slightly different directions, multipennate muscles. Most muscles are arranged as multipennate muscles.<ref>[Muscle Physiology, Skeletal Muscle Architecture, http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musintro/arch.shtml, 22-11-14]</ref> | The muscle fibres can be arranged differently depending on their function. Sometimes muscle fibres are arranged parallel to their muscle-force axis, this architecture of muscle is called parallel or longitudinally arranged muscle fibres. As well as orientation of muscle fibres they can all be positioned in one direction, unipennate muscles , or slightly different directions, multipennate muscles. Most muscles are arranged as multipennate muscles.<ref>[Muscle Physiology, Skeletal Muscle Architecture, http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musintro/arch.shtml, 22-11-14]</ref> | ||
If a person is said to have puller a muscle or strained a muscle this is due to over stretching the fibres. | |||
<references /> | === Reference<br> === | ||
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Latest revision as of 13:57, 22 October 2015
The muscle cells in skeletal muscle are known as muscle fibres that have many mitochondria and nuclei distributed throughout. The mitochondria are present to allow aerobic respiration to occur Each of the fibres contain multiple myofibrils that are made up of repeating units of the sarcomere. The sarcomere is made up of two sets of filaments; actin (thin) and myosin (thick). There are distinct sections within the sarcomere:
- The A band: The centre section of the sarcomere. It contains the whole length of the myosin filaments including the overlap with the thin filaments
- The I band: Only actin filaments are present
- The M line: In the centre of the thick filaments, holding them together
- The H zone: The centre of the A band that contains only the thick filaments
- The Z line: The end of the sarcomere. It holds the thin filaments together
The myosin filaments have a long tail and a globular head which attaches to actin during contraction. The actin filaments consist of two F actin strands coiled into a double helix. Tropomyosin and troponin are wound around the double helix to give the overall structure of the thin filaments[1].
The muscle fibres can be arranged differently depending on their function. Sometimes muscle fibres are arranged parallel to their muscle-force axis, this architecture of muscle is called parallel or longitudinally arranged muscle fibres. As well as orientation of muscle fibres they can all be positioned in one direction, unipennate muscles , or slightly different directions, multipennate muscles. Most muscles are arranged as multipennate muscles.[2]
If a person is said to have puller a muscle or strained a muscle this is due to over stretching the fibres.
Reference
- ↑ [Rhoades R., Pflanzer R. (1996) Human Physiology, 3rd edition, Orlando: Saunders College Publishing] Pages 472-474
- ↑ [Muscle Physiology, Skeletal Muscle Architecture, http://muscle.ucsd.edu/musintro/arch.shtml, 22-11-14]