Spindle assembly checkpoint: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Spindle assembly checkpoint delays the anaphase via groups of kinase and non-kinase proteins. |
Spindle assembly checkpoint delays the anaphase via groups of kinase and non-kinase proteins. |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8939672 Spindle assembly checkpoint ](SAC), or named as spindle checkpoint, is a vital controlling mechanism during mitosis or meiosis. The major function of this checkpoint is to ensure chromosomes are properly attached on the [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16214339 kinetochore] and separated by the kinetochore microtubules from two spindle poles before entering anaphase.<ref>Musacchio, A., and Salmon, E. D. (2007). The spindle –assembly checkpoint in space and time. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8,379-393.</ref> SAC are made up of [http://homepages.ed.ac.uk/rradams/aurorabstrucfunc.html Aurora B], Bub1, Bub/Mad3 and Mad1, Mad2 and so forth, which can be functionally divided into two groups as protein kinases or non-kinase proteins.<ref>Lesage B., Qian J., and Bollen M. (2011). Spindle checkpoint silencing: PP1 tips the balance. Cell Biology 21, R898-R903, November 8, 2011, 1-2.</ref> The protein kinase, for instant, Aurora B, undergoes phosphorylation, which acts as regulator to activate spindle checkpoint.<ref>Zich, J., and Hardwick, K. G. (2010). Getting down to the phosphorylated ‘nuts and bolts’ of spindle checkpoint signalling. Trends Biochem.SCI.35,18-27.</ref> However, dephosphorylation mostly by protein phosphatase [http://www.neb.com/nebecomm/products/productp0754.asp PP1] silences this checkpoint. <ref>Vanoosthuyse V., and Hardwick, K.G. (2009). Overcoming inhibition in the spindle checkpoint. Genes Dev.23, 2799-2805.</ref> | [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8939672 Spindle assembly checkpoint ](SAC), or named as spindle checkpoint, is a vital controlling mechanism during mitosis or meiosis. The major function of this checkpoint is to ensure chromosomes are properly attached on the [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16214339 kinetochore] and separated by the kinetochore microtubules from two spindle poles before entering [http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/mitosisisg/anaphase.html anaphase].<ref>Musacchio, A., and Salmon, E. D. (2007). The spindle –assembly checkpoint in space and time. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8,379-393.</ref> SAC are made up of [http://homepages.ed.ac.uk/rradams/aurorabstrucfunc.html Aurora B], [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O43683 Bub1], [[jcs.biologists.org/content/119/20/4139.full.pdf|Bub/Mad3 ]]and [[jcs.biologists.org/content/119/20/4139.full.pdf|Mad1]], [[jcs.biologists.org/content/119/20/4139.full.pdf|Mad2 ]]and so forth, which can be functionally divided into two groups as protein kinases or non-kinase proteins.<ref>Lesage B., Qian J., and Bollen M. (2011). Spindle checkpoint silencing: PP1 tips the balance. Cell Biology 21, R898-R903, November 8, 2011, 1-2.</ref> The protein kinase, for instant, Aurora B, undergoes phosphorylation, which acts as regulator to activate spindle checkpoint.<ref>Zich, J., and Hardwick, K. G. (2010). Getting down to the phosphorylated ‘nuts and bolts’ of spindle checkpoint signalling. Trends Biochem.SCI.35,18-27.</ref> However, dephosphorylation mostly by protein phosphatase [http://www.neb.com/nebecomm/products/productp0754.asp PP1] silences this checkpoint. <ref>Vanoosthuyse V., and Hardwick, K.G. (2009). Overcoming inhibition in the spindle checkpoint. Genes Dev.23, 2799-2805.</ref> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
Latest revision as of 12:29, 25 November 2011
Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), or named as spindle checkpoint, is a vital controlling mechanism during mitosis or meiosis. The major function of this checkpoint is to ensure chromosomes are properly attached on the kinetochore and separated by the kinetochore microtubules from two spindle poles before entering anaphase.[1] SAC are made up of Aurora B, Bub1, Bub/Mad3 and Mad1, Mad2 and so forth, which can be functionally divided into two groups as protein kinases or non-kinase proteins.[2] The protein kinase, for instant, Aurora B, undergoes phosphorylation, which acts as regulator to activate spindle checkpoint.[3] However, dephosphorylation mostly by protein phosphatase PP1 silences this checkpoint. [4]
References:
- ↑ Musacchio, A., and Salmon, E. D. (2007). The spindle –assembly checkpoint in space and time. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 8,379-393.
- ↑ Lesage B., Qian J., and Bollen M. (2011). Spindle checkpoint silencing: PP1 tips the balance. Cell Biology 21, R898-R903, November 8, 2011, 1-2.
- ↑ Zich, J., and Hardwick, K. G. (2010). Getting down to the phosphorylated ‘nuts and bolts’ of spindle checkpoint signalling. Trends Biochem.SCI.35,18-27.
- ↑ Vanoosthuyse V., and Hardwick, K.G. (2009). Overcoming inhibition in the spindle checkpoint. Genes Dev.23, 2799-2805.