Chromosome 21: Difference between revisions
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Humans have 23 pairs of [[Chromosomes|chromosomes]] (including [[Sex chromosomes|sex chromosomes]]). The twenty first pair of chromosomes is described as chromosome 21. During [[DNA replication|DNA replication]], if the [[Spindle fibres|spindle fibres]] fail to separate the chromosomes apart equally, daughter will result in either [[Monosomic|monosomic]] or [[Trisomy|trisomic]]. [[Trisomy 21|Trisomy 21]], a condition in which the [[ | Humans have 23 pairs of [[Chromosomes|chromosomes]] (including [[Sex chromosomes|sex chromosomes]]). The twenty first pair of [[Chromosomes|chromosomes is]] described as chromosome 21, this is the smallest human chromosome with 48 million nucleotides and representing 1.5 to 2 percent of the total DNA in cell<ref>http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome/21</ref>. During [[DNA replication|DNA replication]], if the [[Spindle fibres|spindle fibres]] fail to separate the chromosomes apart equally, daughter will result in either [[Monosomic|monosomic]] or [[Trisomy|trisomic]]. [[Trisomy 21|Trisomy 21]], a condition in which the [[Karyotype|karyotype]] includes three copies of chromosome 21, is the cause of [[Down Syndrome|Down Syndrome]].<sup></sup><br> | ||
It is reported that 95% of people with Down Syndrome have a trisomy of Chromosome 21 as reported on the [http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/DownSyndrome.html Centres for Disease and Control Website] <ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/DownSyndrome.html</ref><ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/DownSyndrome.html</ref>. | |||
=== References === | |||
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Latest revision as of 16:50, 19 October 2015
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (including sex chromosomes). The twenty first pair of chromosomes is described as chromosome 21, this is the smallest human chromosome with 48 million nucleotides and representing 1.5 to 2 percent of the total DNA in cell[1]. During DNA replication, if the spindle fibres fail to separate the chromosomes apart equally, daughter will result in either monosomic or trisomic. Trisomy 21, a condition in which the karyotype includes three copies of chromosome 21, is the cause of Down Syndrome.
It is reported that 95% of people with Down Syndrome have a trisomy of Chromosome 21 as reported on the Centres for Disease and Control Website [2][3].