S. cerevisiae: Difference between revisions
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''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' is type of yeast. It is a small, oval, single- celled organism that divides by budding to reproduce. It can divide existing as a haploid or diploid, depending on environment. ''S. cerevisiae'' is commonly used as baker's and brewer's yeast. It is part of the fungi kingdom and has a thick, waxy cell wall. The cells contain mitachondria but no chloroplasts.<ref>Alberts B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K. and Walter P. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition, New York: Garland Science. p33</ref> | ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' is type of yeast. It is a small, oval, single- celled [[organism|organism]] that divides by budding to reproduce. It can divide existing as a haploid or diploid, depending on environment. ''S. cerevisiae'' is commonly used as baker's and brewer's yeast. It is part of the fungi kingdom and has a thick, waxy cell wall. The cells contain mitachondria but no chloroplasts.<ref>Alberts B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K. and Walter P. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition, New York: Garland Science. p33</ref> | ||
Its genome was sequenced in 1997 and was the first eukaryotic organism to have its genome sequenced. Its genome is approximately 13Mb (Mb=millions of base pairs) and 6000 genes. <ref>Hartl D.L and Ruvolo M. (2012) Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 8th Edition, Burlington: Jones and Bartlett Learning. p34</ref> | Its genome was sequenced in 1997 and was the first eukaryotic organism to have its genome sequenced. Its genome is approximately 13Mb (Mb=millions of base pairs) and 6000 genes. <ref>Hartl D.L and Ruvolo M. (2012) Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 8th Edition, Burlington: Jones and Bartlett Learning. p34</ref> | ||
It has key characteristics which make it a useful model organism, a well established experimental biological system, for work in laboratories: | It has key characteristics which make it a useful model organism, a well established experimental biological system, for work in laboratories: | ||
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*it shares homology with humans and has been used specifically in the research of the cell division cycle, gene expression, DNA replication and repair and cell signalling | *it shares homology with humans and has been used specifically in the research of the cell division cycle, gene expression, DNA replication and repair and cell signalling | ||
*it has a large mutant collection | *it has a large mutant collection | ||
*it is non-pathogenic | *it is non-pathogenic<br> | ||
=== References === | |||
=== References === | |||
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Revision as of 01:06, 28 November 2014
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is type of yeast. It is a small, oval, single- celled organism that divides by budding to reproduce. It can divide existing as a haploid or diploid, depending on environment. S. cerevisiae is commonly used as baker's and brewer's yeast. It is part of the fungi kingdom and has a thick, waxy cell wall. The cells contain mitachondria but no chloroplasts.[1]
Its genome was sequenced in 1997 and was the first eukaryotic organism to have its genome sequenced. Its genome is approximately 13Mb (Mb=millions of base pairs) and 6000 genes. [2]
It has key characteristics which make it a useful model organism, a well established experimental biological system, for work in laboratories:
- it is a unicellular eukaryote that can be studied under the microscope
- it is small so is cheap and easy store
- it grows rapidly in a simple nutrient medium, having an approximate generation time of 80 minutes
- it can be genetically modified relatively easily, and has been extensively studied in the past, so lots is known about its genes.
- it shares homology with humans and has been used specifically in the research of the cell division cycle, gene expression, DNA replication and repair and cell signalling
- it has a large mutant collection
- it is non-pathogenic