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| A eukaryotic cell is a cell that has its [[DNA]] in a distinct [[Compartmentalisation|compartment ]]from the [[Cytoplasm|cytoplasm]] of the cell due to a membrane; [[DNA|DNA]] is inside a [[Nucleus|nucleus]]. They also have a [[Cytoskeleton|cytoskeleton]] that holds the cell's shape, gives it mechanical strength and helps to move things around the cell. Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound [[Organelles|organelles]] such as the [[Endoplasmic reticulum|endoplasmic reticulum]], [[Golgi apparatus|Golgi apparatus]] and [[Mitochondria|mitochondria]]. Eukaryotic cells are typically much larger than [[Mitochondria|prokaryotic cells]]. Animal cells are an example of eukaryotic cells<ref>Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Walter. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5th edition, New York: Garland Science (pp26-27)</ref>. <br>
| | See [[Eukaryotic cell|Eukaryotic cell]] |
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| === Different Structures<br> ===
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| The two main types of eukaryotic cell are the animal cell and plant cell, between which there are a few differences.<br>
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| Animal cells have a [[Plasma membrane|plasma cell membrane]] inside of this are all the [[Organelles|organelles]] and [[Cytosol|cytosol]]. There is the [[Nucleus|nucleus]] which contains the [[Genome|genome]] enclosed in the [[Nuclear envelope|nuclear envelope]]. This is surrounded by the [[Endoplasmic_Reticulum|endoplasmic reticulum]] which can have [[Ribosomes|ribosomes]] attached. Surrounding this are the organelles as follows: the [[Golgi Apparatus|Golgi Apparatus]], free [[Ribosomes|Ribosomes]], [[Lysosome|Lysosomes]], [[Peroxisomes|Peroxisomes]], [[Centrosome|Centrosome]] and [[Mitochondria|Mitochondria]]. Other structures within the cell include [[Vesicles|Vesicles]], [[Actin filaments|Actin Filaments]], [[Microtubules|Microtubules]] and [[Intermediate filaments|Intermediate Filaments]]<ref>Watson J D, Gilman M, Witkowski J and Zoller M (1992) Recombinant DNA, 2nd Edition, New York: W H Freeman and Company (Chapter 6)fckLRBerg J M, Tymoczko J L and Stryer L (2007) Biochemistry, 6th edition, New York: W H Freeman and Company (P140-142)</ref>.
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| Plant cells are different in that they have a [[Cellulose|Cellulose]] [[Cell wall|Cell Wall]] as well as a [[Cell membrane|Cell Membrane]] and large [[Vacuole|Vacuoles]]. Other differences include [[Chloroplasts|Choroplasts]] instead of [[Mitochondria|Mitochondria]], Plastids for storage, and not having [[Peroxisomes|Peroxisomes]] <ref>Pearson NCS (2014), Plant Cell, Available at http://biology.tutorvista. com/animal-and-plant-cells/plant-cell.html (Last Accessed 27/11/2014)</ref>.<br>
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| === References ===
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| <references />
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Latest revision as of 21:58, 6 December 2016