Ribosome: Difference between revisions
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A ribosome is the particle upon which mRNA from DNA transcription is translated to a polypeptide with a specific amino acid sequence defined by the genetic code. It is comprised of 2 subunits: | A ribosome is the particle upon which mRNA from DNA transcription is translated to a polypeptide with a specific amino acid sequence defined by the genetic code. It is comprised of 2 subunits: | ||
30S unit: This is the smaller unit which can be divided into 21 proteins and a 16S RNA molecule | 30S unit: This is the smaller unit which can be divided into 21 proteins and a 16S RNA molecule | ||
50S unit: This is the larger unit which can be divided into 34 proteins and 2 RNA molecules, 23S and 5S | 50S unit: This is the larger unit which can be divided into 34 proteins and 2 RNA molecules, 23S and 5S | ||
The 2 units together form the complete ribosome, known as the 70S unit. S refers to the Svedberg unit, which is a measure of rate at which a compound moves when centrifuged. | The 2 units together form the complete ribosome, known as the 70S unit. S refers to the Svedberg unit, which is a measure of rate at which a compound moves when centrifuged. | ||
As ribosomes contain RNA (also referred to as ribosomal RNA-rRNA) and protiens, they are also referred to as ribonucleoproteins. | As ribosomes contain RNA (also referred to as ribosomal RNA-rRNA) and protiens, they are also referred to as ribonucleoproteins. Ribosomes translates mRNA in triplets (codons) by alligning complementary triplets found in tRNA molecules (anticodons). Each tRNA is assigned a specific anticodon and amino acid and therefore translation leads to the formation of a protein by forming peptide bonds between adjacently aligned amino acids. | ||
Revision as of 10:50, 29 November 2010
A ribosome is the particle upon which mRNA from DNA transcription is translated to a polypeptide with a specific amino acid sequence defined by the genetic code. It is comprised of 2 subunits:
30S unit: This is the smaller unit which can be divided into 21 proteins and a 16S RNA molecule
50S unit: This is the larger unit which can be divided into 34 proteins and 2 RNA molecules, 23S and 5S
The 2 units together form the complete ribosome, known as the 70S unit. S refers to the Svedberg unit, which is a measure of rate at which a compound moves when centrifuged.
As ribosomes contain RNA (also referred to as ribosomal RNA-rRNA) and protiens, they are also referred to as ribonucleoproteins. Ribosomes translates mRNA in triplets (codons) by alligning complementary triplets found in tRNA molecules (anticodons). Each tRNA is assigned a specific anticodon and amino acid and therefore translation leads to the formation of a protein by forming peptide bonds between adjacently aligned amino acids.