Spindle: Difference between revisions
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The mitotic spindle is a bipolar array of microtubules which forms during the [[Prophase|prophase]] of [[Mitosis|mitosis]]. Each microtubule has a minus end, which is embedded in the [[Centrosome|centrosome]] and a plus end, which points out from the centrosome <ref>http://www.sinauer.com/pdf/nsp-cellcycle-6-0.pdf</ref>. During [[Metaphase|metaphase]], the spindle attaches sister [[Chromatids|chromatids]] to opposite poles of the cell via [[Kinetochore|kinetochore]][[Microtubules|microtubules]]. Then during [[Anaphase|anaphase]] the kinetochore microtubules separate the sister chromatids to form a pair of [[ | The mitotic spindle is a bipolar array of microtubules which forms during the [[Prophase|prophase]] of [[Mitosis|mitosis]]. Each microtubule has a minus end, which is embedded in the [[Centrosome|centrosome]] and a plus end, which points out from the centrosome <ref>http://www.sinauer.com/pdf/nsp-cellcycle-6-0.pdf</ref>. During [[Metaphase|metaphase]], the spindle attaches sister [[Chromatids|chromatids]] to opposite poles of the cell via [[Kinetochore|kinetochore]][[Microtubules|microtubules]]. Then during [[Anaphase|anaphase]] the kinetochore microtubules separate the sister chromatids to form a pair of [[Daugther chromosomes|daugther chromosomes]], which are then pulled towards each pole of the cell. Once the [[Chromosomes|chromosomes]] have been pulled to the opposite poles of the cell, during [[Cytokinesis|cytokinesis]] the spindle disassembles to reform the [[Interphase|interphase]] configuration of [[Microtubules|microtubules]].<br> | ||
Spindle formation begins at the [[G2/M checkpoint|G2/M checkpoint]] in the [[Cell cycle|cell cycle]], when [[Cdk|Cdk]] activity increases and so increases the [[Phosphorylation|phosphorylation]] of [[Proteins|proteins]] which control assembly of the spindle <ref>Alberts, et al,(2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th edition. Garland Science. pp 1062, 1072,1073</ref>. | Spindle formation begins at the [[G2/M checkpoint|G2/M checkpoint]] in the [[Cell cycle|cell cycle]], when [[Cdk|Cdk]] activity increases and so increases the [[Phosphorylation|phosphorylation]] of [[Proteins|proteins]] which control assembly of the spindle <ref>Alberts, et al,(2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th edition. Garland Science. pp 1062, 1072,1073</ref>. | ||
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=== References === | === References === | ||
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Revision as of 20:37, 2 December 2015
The mitotic spindle is a bipolar array of microtubules which forms during the prophase of mitosis. Each microtubule has a minus end, which is embedded in the centrosome and a plus end, which points out from the centrosome [1]. During metaphase, the spindle attaches sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell via kinetochoremicrotubules. Then during anaphase the kinetochore microtubules separate the sister chromatids to form a pair of daugther chromosomes, which are then pulled towards each pole of the cell. Once the chromosomes have been pulled to the opposite poles of the cell, during cytokinesis the spindle disassembles to reform the interphase configuration of microtubules.
Spindle formation begins at the G2/M checkpoint in the cell cycle, when Cdk activity increases and so increases the phosphorylation of proteins which control assembly of the spindle [2].
References
- ↑ http://www.sinauer.com/pdf/nsp-cellcycle-6-0.pdf
- ↑ Alberts, et al,(2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th edition. Garland Science. pp 1062, 1072,1073