Guanosine triphosphate: Difference between revisions

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'''Guanosine triphosphate''' ('''Guanosine-5'-triphosphate''' to be precise or also commonly abbreviated '''GTP''' for simplicity) is a high energy&nbsp;[[Nucleotide|nucleotide]] (not to be confused with [[Nucleoside|nucleoside]]).&nbsp;As a result of it's structure it has selective roles in the formation of [[MRNA|RNA]] strands<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>, functioning&nbsp;[[Image:GTP chemical structure.png|frame|right|300x200px|GTP chemical structure.png]]as an [[Energy carrier|energy carrier]] molecule&nbsp;for protein synthesis<ref>R K Murray, D A Bender, K M Botham, P J Kennelly, V W Rodwell and P A Weil. Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry. 28th Edition. Beijing, China. 2009.</ref>, a&nbsp;[[Coenzyme|coenzyme]], a predecessor to cGMP - a&nbsp;[[Secondary messenger|secondary messenger]] molecule<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref> or as an [[Effector|effector]]&nbsp;molecule both of which are demonstrated by&nbsp;[[G-protein|G-protein]]&nbsp;modulation<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref>. This list does not exhuast it's chemical interactions.&nbsp;
'''Guanosine triphosphate''' ('''Guanosine-5'-triphosphate''' to be precise or also commonly abbreviated '''GTP''' for simplicity) is a high energy&nbsp;[[Nucleotide|nucleotide]] (not to be confused with [[Nucleoside|nucleoside]]).&nbsp;As a result of it's structure it has selective roles in the formation of [[MRNA|RNA]] strands<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>, functioning&nbsp;[[Image:GTP chemical structure.png|frame|right|300x200px]]as an [[Energy carrier|energy carrier]] molecule&nbsp;for protein synthesis<ref>R K Murray, D A Bender, K M Botham, P J Kennelly, V W Rodwell and P A Weil. Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry. 28th Edition. Beijing, China. 2009.</ref>, a&nbsp;[[Coenzyme|coenzyme]], a predecessor to cGMP - a&nbsp;[[Secondary messenger|secondary messenger]] molecule<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref> or as an [[Effector|effector]]&nbsp;molecule. The last both of which are demonstrated by&nbsp;[[G-protein|G-protein]]&nbsp;modulation<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref>. This list does not exhuast it's chemical interactions but is merely a demonstration of it's capabilities.


The [[Ribose|ribose]]&nbsp;sugar is central to the three dimensional arrangement of the covalently bonded [[Guanine|guanine]]&nbsp;and the [[T|t]][[]][[Triphosphate|riphosphate]], providing [[Hydroxyl group|hydroxyl]] groups for [[Condensation Reaction|condensation reactions]]&nbsp;and [[Nucleophilic attack|nucleophilic attacks<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref>]].The guanine molecule and the triphosphate form covalent bonds at [[C|C'1]] and [[C|C'5]] atoms respectively. The purine is bonded as a result of a condensation reaction at it's&nbsp;[[Nitrogen|9'N]]. Since guanine is a [[Purine|purine]]&nbsp;base, it is classified as a purine triphosphate along with [[Adenine|a]][[Adenine triphosphate|denine triphosphate (ATP)<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>]]. It is formed along with [[ATP|ATP]] through [[Inosine monophosphate|inosine monophosphate]] modification<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>. It's [[Structural formula|structural formula ]](right) suggests it's chemical activity and is described further in detail below.&nbsp;  
The [[Ribose|ribose]]&nbsp;sugar is central to the three dimensional arrangement of the covalently bonded [[Guanine|guanine]]&nbsp;and the [[T|t]][[]][[Triphosphate|riphosphate]], providing [[Hydroxyl group|hydroxyl]] groups for [[Condensation Reaction|condensation reactions]]&nbsp;and [[Nucleophilic attack|nucleophilic attacks<ref>J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.</ref>]].The guanine molecule and the triphosphate form covalent bonds at [[C|C'1]] and [[C|C'5]] atoms respectively. The purine is bonded as a result of a condensation reaction at it's&nbsp;[[Nitrogen|9'N]]. Since guanine is a [[Purine|purine]]&nbsp;base, it is classified as a purine triphosphate along with [[Adenine|a]][[Adenine triphosphate|denine triphosphate (ATP)<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>]]. It is formed along with [[ATP|ATP]] through [[Inosine monophosphate|inosine monophosphate]] modification<ref>J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.</ref>. It's [[Structural formula|structural formula ]](right) suggests it's chemical activity and is described further in detail below.&nbsp;  

Revision as of 19:57, 2 December 2016

Guanosine triphosphate (Guanosine-5'-triphosphate to be precise or also commonly abbreviated GTP for simplicity) is a high energy nucleotide (not to be confused with nucleoside). As a result of it's structure it has selective roles in the formation of RNA strands[1], functioning 

as an energy carrier molecule for protein synthesis[2], a coenzyme, a predecessor to cGMP - a secondary messenger molecule[3] or as an effector molecule. The last both of which are demonstrated by G-protein modulation[4]. This list does not exhuast it's chemical interactions but is merely a demonstration of it's capabilities.

The ribose sugar is central to the three dimensional arrangement of the covalently bonded guanine and the t[[]]riphosphate, providing hydroxyl groups for condensation reactions and nucleophilic attacks[5].The guanine molecule and the triphosphate form covalent bonds at C'1 and C'5 atoms respectively. The purine is bonded as a result of a condensation reaction at it's 9'N. Since guanine is a purine base, it is classified as a purine triphosphate along with adenine triphosphate (ATP)[6]. It is formed along with ATP through inosine monophosphate modification[7]. It's structural formula (right) suggests it's chemical activity and is described further in detail below. 



One Of Many In RNA


GTP; A Cousin to Universal ATP

A Source For Signalling

References:

  1. ↑ J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.
  2. ↑ R K Murray, D A Bender, K M Botham, P J Kennelly, V W Rodwell and P A Weil. Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry. 28th Edition. Beijing, China. 2009.
  3. ↑ J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.
  4. ↑ J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.
  5. ↑ J Dow, G Lindsay and J Morrison, Biochemistry: Molecules, Cells and the Body. 1st Edition. Wokingham, England. Addison-Wesley. 1996.
  6. ↑ J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.
  7. ↑ J Koolman and KH Roehm, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Stuttgart, Germany. Thieme 2013.
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