Adherens junction: Difference between revisions

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Adherens junctions are [[Cadherin_proteins|cadherin]]-mediated adhesive junctions that interact with [[actin|actin]]<ref>Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485</ref>. &nbsp;They are points of attachment between the cell surface and the [[cytoskeleton|cytoskeleton]]. This kind of junctions are specialized for adhesions between [[cell signalling|cell]] and [[extraceullular matrix|extraceullular matrix]], as well as adhesions between cells. Most easily seen in [[Epithelial_cell|epithelial cells]]. The space between adjacent membranes at adherens junctions is about 20-25 nm<ref>Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485</ref>. In epithlial cells, adherens junctions form a continuous belt that surrounds the cell at the apical end of the lateral membrane.&nbsp; Also, Adherens Junctions share similarities to [[Desmosomes|Desmosomes]] and [[Hemi-desmosomes|Hemi-desmosomes]], due to they contain both cadherin and [[integrin|integrin]] which are transmembrane linkers used in the others<ref>Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition. New York: Garland Science; 2002.</ref>. Accordingly, this creates&nbsp;a connection to adjacent cells and extracellular matrix.  
Adherens Junctions are a type of intracellular junction, likning the actin cytoskeleton of cells together<ref>Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.</ref>. They are points of attachment that hep to provide strength and respond to mechanical pressure changes<ref>Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.</ref>.&nbsp;This kind of junctions are specialized for adhesions between [[Cell signalling|cell]] and [[Extraceullular matrix|extraceullular matrix]], as well as adhesions between cells. Most easily seen in [[Epithelial cell|epithelial cells]].&nbsp;
 
= Structure&nbsp;  =
 
Adherens junctions are cadherin-mediated adhesive junctions that interact with actin<ref>Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485</ref>.&nbsp;&nbsp;The space between adjacent membranes at adherens junctions is about 20-25 nm<ref>Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485</ref>.&nbsp;In epithlial cells, adherens junctions form a continuous belt that surrounds the cell at the apical end of the lateral membrane. Also, Adherens Junctions share similarities to Desmosomes and Hemi-desmosomes, due to they contain both cadherin and integrin which are transmembrane linkers used in the others<ref>Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.</ref>. Accordingly, this creates a connection to adjacent cells and extracellular matrix.  
 
The adherens junctions are contsructed from Cadherin proteins, 5 Cadherin molecules are bound to gtehr and staibalised by Ca2+ ions. These chain extend beyond the plasma membrane into the extracellular matrix and bind to cadherins on neighbouring cells<ref>Green KJ, Getsios S, Troyanovsky S, and Godsel LM. Intercellular junction assembly, dynamics and homeostasis, Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, 2010 Feb.</ref>. The binding to actin is faciliated by Catenin intercellular adaptor proteins<ref>Jacqueline M. Benjamin, W. James Nelson, Bench to bedside and back again: molecular mechanisms of α- catenin function and roles of Tumorigenesis, Semin Cancer Biol, 2008 Feb, 18: 01:  53-64.</ref>.&nbsp;


=== References&nbsp;  ===
=== References&nbsp;  ===


<references />
<references />

Revision as of 11:29, 6 December 2017

Adherens Junctions are a type of intracellular junction, likning the actin cytoskeleton of cells together[1]. They are points of attachment that hep to provide strength and respond to mechanical pressure changes[2]. This kind of junctions are specialized for adhesions between cell and extraceullular matrix, as well as adhesions between cells. Most easily seen in epithelial cells. 

Structure 

Adherens junctions are cadherin-mediated adhesive junctions that interact with actin[3].  The space between adjacent membranes at adherens junctions is about 20-25 nm[4]. In epithlial cells, adherens junctions form a continuous belt that surrounds the cell at the apical end of the lateral membrane. Also, Adherens Junctions share similarities to Desmosomes and Hemi-desmosomes, due to they contain both cadherin and integrin which are transmembrane linkers used in the others[5]. Accordingly, this creates a connection to adjacent cells and extracellular matrix.

The adherens junctions are contsructed from Cadherin proteins, 5 Cadherin molecules are bound to gtehr and staibalised by Ca2+ ions. These chain extend beyond the plasma membrane into the extracellular matrix and bind to cadherins on neighbouring cells[6]. The binding to actin is faciliated by Catenin intercellular adaptor proteins[7]. 

References 

  1. ↑ Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.
  2. ↑ Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.
  3. ↑ Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485
  4. ↑ Wayne M. Becker, Lewis J. Kleinsmith, Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni (2009), The World of the Cell, Pearson International Edition, 7th Edition, P.485
  5. ↑ Alberts, Bruce, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition, New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 2015.
  6. ↑ Green KJ, Getsios S, Troyanovsky S, and Godsel LM. Intercellular junction assembly, dynamics and homeostasis, Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, 2010 Feb.
  7. ↑ Jacqueline M. Benjamin, W. James Nelson, Bench to bedside and back again: molecular mechanisms of α- catenin function and roles of Tumorigenesis, Semin Cancer Biol, 2008 Feb, 18: 01: 53-64.
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