Chemotroph: Difference between revisions
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An [[Organism|organism]] whose primary energy source is from chemical reactions. They obtain their energy by oxidising [[Organic compound|organic]] or [[Inorganic compound|inorganic compounds]]. They can also be known as | An [[Organism|organism]] whose primary energy source is from chemical reactions. They obtain their energy by oxidising [[Organic compound|organic]] or [[Inorganic compound|inorganic compounds]]. They can also be known as chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs<ref>Biology-online.org [internet] [cited 2015 Dec 2] Available from: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Chemotroph</ref>. | ||
==== Chemoautotrophs ==== | |||
Chemoautotrophs<ref>Gargaud M, Irvine W, Amils R, Cleaves H, Pinti D, Quintanilla J, Rouan D, Spohn T, Viso M and Tirard S. cyclopedia of astrobiology. 2nd Ed: Springer. 2015</ref> use inorganic carbon dioxide(CO<sub>2</sub>) as their carbon source. Chemolithographs are commonly known chemoautographs that use inorganic compounds such as ferrous iron, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sulphur and ammonia to generate energy. <br>All known chemoautotrophs are found to be prokaryotes that belongs to the [[Bacteria|bacteria ]]and [[Archaea|archaea ]]domains.<br>They are found in extreme habitat such as deep sea vents and highly acidic environments.<br>An example of a chemoautotroph is the ''Sulfolobus acidocaldarius'' found in highly acidic hot springs in US Yellowstone National Park<ref>Microbewiki. Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. 2010 [cited 6/12/17]; Available from: https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Sulfolobus_acidocaldarius</ref>. | |||
<references /> | ==== Chemoheterotrophs<br> ==== | ||
Chemoheterotrophs<ref>Gargaud M, Irvine W, Amils R, Cleaves H, Pinti D, Quintanilla J, Rouan D, Spohn T, Viso M and Tirard S. cyclopedia of astrobiology. 2nd Ed: Springer. 2015</ref> use reduced organic compounds as their energy and carbon source. It is usually known as [[Heterotroph|heterotrophs]].<br> | |||
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=== References<br> === | |||
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Revision as of 12:48, 6 December 2017
An organism whose primary energy source is from chemical reactions. They obtain their energy by oxidising organic or inorganic compounds. They can also be known as chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs[1].
Chemoautotrophs
Chemoautotrophs[2] use inorganic carbon dioxide(CO2) as their carbon source. Chemolithographs are commonly known chemoautographs that use inorganic compounds such as ferrous iron, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, sulphur and ammonia to generate energy.
All known chemoautotrophs are found to be prokaryotes that belongs to the bacteria and archaea domains.
They are found in extreme habitat such as deep sea vents and highly acidic environments.
An example of a chemoautotroph is the Sulfolobus acidocaldarius found in highly acidic hot springs in US Yellowstone National Park[3].
Chemoheterotrophs
Chemoheterotrophs[4] use reduced organic compounds as their energy and carbon source. It is usually known as heterotrophs.
References
- ↑ Biology-online.org [internet] [cited 2015 Dec 2] Available from: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Chemotroph
- ↑ Gargaud M, Irvine W, Amils R, Cleaves H, Pinti D, Quintanilla J, Rouan D, Spohn T, Viso M and Tirard S. cyclopedia of astrobiology. 2nd Ed: Springer. 2015
- ↑ Microbewiki. Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. 2010 [cited 6/12/17]; Available from: https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Sulfolobus_acidocaldarius
- ↑ Gargaud M, Irvine W, Amils R, Cleaves H, Pinti D, Quintanilla J, Rouan D, Spohn T, Viso M and Tirard S. cyclopedia of astrobiology. 2nd Ed: Springer. 2015