Down's syndrome

Down's syndome is a chromosoal disorder caused by having 3 copies of chr an extra chromosome on chromosome 21 (referred to as trisomy 21), giving a total of 47 chromosomes instead of the normal 46 in humans. This extra chromosome copy affects how the brain and body develops, thus affecting both physical development and intellectual ability. Although individuals with Down's syndrome behave and look similar, their intellectual capability varies from mild to moderately low. 

Types

There are three main types of Down's syndrome

Typical characteristics

• Flat face
• Short neck
• Abnormally shaped ears
• Poor muscle tone
• Small hands and feet

Symptoms

• Heart disease
• Coeliac disease
• Eye problems
• Hearing problems
• Skeletal intestinal problems
• Dementia
• Thyroid dysfunction