Cortisol

Cortisol, a steroid hormone, is the main glucocorticoid secreted by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex . It's primary function is to increase blood sugar levels. This rise is achieved through various processes including gluconeogenesis and metabolism of several macromolecules including fat, protein and carbohydrate.

In a response to stress, the glucocorticoid is released from thezona fasciculata domain of the adrenal cortex. This release is ultimately controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain, which secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). This hormone then triggers the secretion of another hormone, ACTH, from the pituitary gland which is carried, via the bloodstream, to the adrenal cortex.