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The Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Equation is an equation used to measure allele frequency in a population. It has set factors on teh population being there is no Immigration or Migration from the locale, as well it depends on random mating and mutations within the population. If these parameters are disrupted this will affect the outcome of the equations results. The crux of the equation is that allele frequency will remain constant within the given population as long as these parameters are kept.

The equation in it's simplest form is:

p² x 2pq x q² = 1