Neanderthals

Neanderthals are an extinct species of the genus Homo, closely related toHomo sapiens. They are believed to have died out died out in Europe between 41,000 and 39,000 years ago.

With an average cranial capacity of 1600 cm3, the Neanderthal's cranial capacity is notably larger than the 1400 cm3 average for modern humans, indicating that their brain size was larger.  Neanderthal males were slightly taller and heavier than Neanderthal females; however, sexual dimorphism was not nearly as extreme as what is seen in earlier human species.

Neanderthals made and used a diverse set of sophisticated tools, controlled fire, lived in shelters, made and wore clothing, were skilled hunters of large animals and also ate plant foods, and occasionally made symbolic or ornamental objects.