Fructose-6-phosphate

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 Fructose-6-phosphate is one of the metabolites of thecarbohydrates metabolism pathway, which has glucose-6-phosphate as a precursor and fructose-1,6-biphosphate as a postcursor . More specifically, it is found in the glycolysis stage of the carbohydrates metabolism. 

Production of fructose-6-phosphate from glucose-6-phosphate

Fructose-6-phosphate results from a aldopyranose to ketofuranose conversion which involves a sequence of events. These events are catalysed by phosphoglucose isomerase. The first one is a conversion from the ring form of glucose-6-phosphate to the linear form. The second one is the conversion from this linear form to a linear ketohexose form by a nucelophilic attack of the double bonded oxygen atom on the first carbon atom. Then, the linear ketohexose is converted to its ring form by carbon 2 binding covalently to the oxygen atom on carbon 5.

Conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-biphosphate

This conversion involves an enzyme called phosphofructokinase. It phosphorylates carbon 1 of fructose-6-phosphate by adding a phosphate group from ATP. The process involves the ATP forming a complex with Mg2+ in which the ion neutralises the charges of the alpha and beta phosphoryl groups of ATP .This way, only the gamma phosphoryl group of ATP is used for phosphorylation.

Importance of conversion between glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-1,6-biphosphate