R-group

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 The R-Group, otherwise known as the side chain, is the variable functional group on the alpha-carbon atom of an amino acid that determines it's function. The R group can determine the amino acid's charge and polarity too and so it is very precise and specific for each different amino acid. All 20 amino acid's have a different R group. If a change in the structure of the side chain occurs then this could change the function of that amino acid. 

References 

[1]

[2]

  1. ↑ Stryer, L., Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., (2011) "Biochemistry" 7th ed. pg 27-28, New York: Freeman and Company
  2. ↑ Stryer et al. (2011) "Biochemistry" available at: "http://bcs.whfreeman.com/berg7e/#644431__697011__" last accessed 30/11/12
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