NAD+

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NAD stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucluotide. NAD+ is the oxidised form, and NADH is the reduced form, which exist in an equilibrium, with NAD+ being favoured. Oxidation of fuel molecules produces one hydrogen ion and two electrons[1] which are used to reduce NAD+ in the reaction of ethanol + dehydrogenase to form ethanal + NADH + H+. Also NADH+ is oxidised to NAD in oxidative phosphoryation which is directly linked to ATP synthesis[2].

References

  1. Berg J.M., Stryer L., Tymoczko J.L. (2012) Biochemistry, 7th Edition, New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. p454
  2. Alberts et al., 2008, Molecular Biology of the Cell,5th ed.,New York, Garland Science, Taylor and Francis Group p.86