Nucleotide: Difference between revisions
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Nucleotides are the fundamental building bocks of [[DNA|DNA ]] | Nucleotides are the fundamental building bocks of [[DNA|DNA and]] [[RNA|RNA]]. They are similar to the structure of nucleosides but differ in the fact that they have a phosphate group added. The contituents of nucleotides are a base, a sugar and a phosphate group, the types of which vary between DNA and RNA. In DNA the base can be either one of the purines, [[Adenine|adenine or]] [[Guanine|guanine]], or one of the pyramidines, [[Thymine|thymine or]] [[Cytosine|cytosine]]. This is similar in RNA with the exception of one base; thymine is replaced with [[Uracil|uracil]]. The sugar present in nucelotides is either deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA. These are almost identical in structure except for one difference; in deoxyribose the 2` carbon has two hydrogen atoms attached, in RNA one of the hydrogen atoms on the 2` carbon is replaced with an OH group<ref>Hartl D.L , Jones E.W (2009) Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 7th Edition, Jones and Bartlett's Publishers</ref>. | ||
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Revision as of 16:50, 16 November 2010
Nucleotides are the fundamental building bocks of DNA and RNA. They are similar to the structure of nucleosides but differ in the fact that they have a phosphate group added. The contituents of nucleotides are a base, a sugar and a phosphate group, the types of which vary between DNA and RNA. In DNA the base can be either one of the purines, adenine or guanine, or one of the pyramidines, thymine or cytosine. This is similar in RNA with the exception of one base; thymine is replaced with uracil. The sugar present in nucelotides is either deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA. These are almost identical in structure except for one difference; in deoxyribose the 2` carbon has two hydrogen atoms attached, in RNA one of the hydrogen atoms on the 2` carbon is replaced with an OH group[1].
References
- ↑ Hartl D.L , Jones E.W (2009) Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 7th Edition, Jones and Bartlett's Publishers