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| [[DNA|DNA]] is a helix of two paired [[complementary strands|complementary strands]], each composed of an ordered string of nucleotides. A nucleotide is attached to one of the chemically constituents called [[Base|bases]] attached to a phosphorylated molecule of the 5-carbon sugar [[Deoxyribose_sugar|deoxyribose]] (is also a constituent of a nucleotide). | | [[DNA|DNA]] |
| | | <ref name="l">Eighth Edition Genetics: analysis of genes and genomes Author: Daniel.L.Hartl and Maryellen Ruvolo (2012) Chapter 2 page 42- 47</ref> |
| These four bases in the DNA are:
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| *[[Adenine|Adenine]] (A)
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| *[[Cytosine|Cytosine]] (C)
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| *[[Thymine|Thymine]] (T)
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| *[[Guanine|Guanine]] (G)
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| [[Watson-Crick_base_pairing|Watson- Crick base pairing]] is between adenine and thymine and between cytosine and guanine in the complementary strands which holds the strands together. The base pairs are held together by [[Hydrogen_bonds|hydrogen bonds ]]in-between. Adenine (A) and Guanine (G) are called [[Purines|purines ]]as they both have double-ring structure. Whereas, thymine (T) and cytosine (C) are called [[Pyrimidines|pyrimidines]] as they both have a single-ring structure. Due to the different structure of the bases, when A binds to T there will be two hydrogen bonds between the bases and when C binds to G there will be three hydrogen bonds between the bases.
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Revision as of 21:12, 25 November 2014
DNA
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- ↑ Eighth Edition Genetics: analysis of genes and genomes Author: Daniel.L.Hartl and Maryellen Ruvolo (2012) Chapter 2 page 42- 47