Histone Acetylation: Difference between revisions
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[[Histones|Histone]] acetylation is a [[Post- | [[Histones|Histone]] acetylation is a [[Post-translational modification|post-translational modification]] involving the addition of an [[acetyl group|acetyl group]] (COCH<sub>3</sub>) from [[Acetyl-CoA|acetyl coenzyme A]] with the use of [[Enzyme|enzymes]] called histone acetyltransferases<ref>What is Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.whatisepigenetics.com/histone-modifications/</ref>. These enzymes [[Catalyse|catalayse]] the addition of an [[Acetyl group|acetyl group]] on to [[Lysine|lysine]] residues in areas which are usually [[Promoter|promoter regions]], such as H3 and H4<ref>Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/histone-modifications-a-guide</ref>. As lysine is postively charged and [[DNA|DNA]] is negatively charged they bind together keeping the structure compact, however with the addition of a positvely charged acetylation the structure becomes less compact thus revealing [[Promoter|promoter regions]] for [[Transcription|transcription]] to occur<ref>Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/histone-modifications-a-guide</ref>. Acetyl groups can be removed from [[Lysine|lysine]] residues in a [[Hydrolytic enzyme|hydrolytic]] process using [[histone deactylases|histone deactylases]]. The acetylation of histones is involved in many cellular processes<ref>What is Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.whatisepigenetics.com/histone-modifications/</ref>. | ||
=== References === | |||
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Revision as of 21:09, 1 December 2016
Histone acetylation is a post-translational modification involving the addition of an acetyl group (COCH3) from acetyl coenzyme A with the use of enzymes called histone acetyltransferases[1]. These enzymes catalayse the addition of an acetyl group on to lysine residues in areas which are usually promoter regions, such as H3 and H4[2]. As lysine is postively charged and DNA is negatively charged they bind together keeping the structure compact, however with the addition of a positvely charged acetylation the structure becomes less compact thus revealing promoter regions for transcription to occur[3]. Acetyl groups can be removed from lysine residues in a hydrolytic process using histone deactylases. The acetylation of histones is involved in many cellular processes[4].
References
- ↑ What is Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.whatisepigenetics.com/histone-modifications/
- ↑ Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/histone-modifications-a-guide
- ↑ Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.abcam.com/epigenetics/histone-modifications-a-guide
- ↑ What is Epigenetics. Histone Modifications. Accessed 01/12/16 http://www.whatisepigenetics.com/histone-modifications/