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Helper T cells have the function to help other immune cells through the production and secretion of cytokines. These [[T cells]] can be divided into different subsets. The subsets are based on the expression of particular surface markers and on the cytokine production of the helper T cell. | <ref>Lodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C.A, Krieger M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H, Amon A, Martin K.C. Molecular Biology. New York: w.h.freeman Macmillan Learning. 2016.</ref> Helper T cells have the function to help other immune cells through the production and secretion of cytokines. These [[T cells]] can be divided into different subsets. The subsets are based on the expression of particular surface markers and on the cytokine production of the helper T cell. | ||
=== Types of Helper T Cells === | === Types of Helper T Cells === | ||
*'''CD 4-expressing T Helper Cells:''' They help [[B cells]] and to assist them in the process of differentiation into plasma cells. Helper T cells are able to do that by producing and secreting cytokines like [[IL-4]]. In addition, in order to help the particular B cell, the T cell has to be in direct contact with it. | *'''CD 4-expressing T Helper Cells:''' They help [[B cells]] and to assist them in the process of differentiation into plasma cells. Helper T cells are able to do that by producing and secreting cytokines like [[IL-4]]. In addition, in order to help the particular B cell, the T cell has to be in direct contact with it. | ||
*'''TH1 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete TNF and interferon gamma. "TNF" stands for tumour necrosis factor. Interferon-gamma helps with the activation of macrophages and stimulation of an inflammatory response. In addition, TH1 helper cells produce antibodies, such as IgG1 and IgG3. | *'''TH1 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete TNF and interferon gamma. "TNF" stands for tumour necrosis factor. Interferon-gamma helps with the activation of macrophages and stimulation of an inflammatory response. In addition, TH1 helper cells produce antibodies, such as IgG1 and IgG3. | ||
*'''TH2 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete [[IL-10]] and IL-4. IL-4 aids B cell class switching to the IgE and IgG1 isotypes. | *'''TH2 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete [[IL-10]] and IL-4. IL-4 aids B cell class switching to the IgE and IgG1 isotypes. | ||
*'''TH17 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete [[IL-17]]. | *'''TH17 Helper Cells:''' These helper cells secrete [[IL-17]]. | ||
Revision as of 11:16, 23 October 2018
[1] Helper T cells have the function to help other immune cells through the production and secretion of cytokines. These T cells can be divided into different subsets. The subsets are based on the expression of particular surface markers and on the cytokine production of the helper T cell.
Types of Helper T Cells
- CD 4-expressing T Helper Cells: They help B cells and to assist them in the process of differentiation into plasma cells. Helper T cells are able to do that by producing and secreting cytokines like IL-4. In addition, in order to help the particular B cell, the T cell has to be in direct contact with it.
- TH1 Helper Cells: These helper cells secrete TNF and interferon gamma. "TNF" stands for tumour necrosis factor. Interferon-gamma helps with the activation of macrophages and stimulation of an inflammatory response. In addition, TH1 helper cells produce antibodies, such as IgG1 and IgG3.
- TH2 Helper Cells: These helper cells secrete IL-10 and IL-4. IL-4 aids B cell class switching to the IgE and IgG1 isotypes.
- TH17 Helper Cells: These helper cells secrete IL-17.
- ↑ Lodish H, Berk A, Kaiser C.A, Krieger M, Bretscher A, Ploegh H, Amon A, Martin K.C. Molecular Biology. New York: w.h.freeman Macmillan Learning. 2016.