Transgenic Organism: Difference between revisions
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A transgenic organism is a genetically engineered [[ | A transgenic organism is a genetically engineered [[Organism|organism]]. They are created by isolating [[DNA|DNA]] and then fragmenting it using [[Restriction enzyme|restriction enzymes]], before recombining it in a new, controlled way. The [[Restriction enzyme|restriction enzymes]] cleave the DNA at a specific restriction site and mainly create [[‘sticky’ ends|sticky ends]] that have complementary sequences to each other and can therefore adhere together. | ||
The recombined DNA is reintroduced to a [[ | The recombined DNA is reintroduced to a [[Cell|cell]] or [[Organism|organism]]. The main use of this technology is for experimental studies, however a very important aspect of the application is developing and improving varities of crop plants and domesticated animals<ref>Page 440, Hartl D.L and Ruvolo M (2012) Genetics, Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 8th edition, USA: Jones and Bartlett</ref>.<br> | ||
Transgenic mice are often used to study human disease responses as their genes can be modified to express the same [[Mutation|mutations]]. New treatments can then be developed and trialled on the mice as they would respond in the same way as humans<ref>Page 593-605, Wagner J, Thiele F, Ganten D (May 1995). "Transgenic animals as models for human disease".</ref>. | |||
=== References === | === References === | ||
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Latest revision as of 12:21, 20 November 2018
A transgenic organism is a genetically engineered organism. They are created by isolating DNA and then fragmenting it using restriction enzymes, before recombining it in a new, controlled way. The restriction enzymes cleave the DNA at a specific restriction site and mainly create sticky ends that have complementary sequences to each other and can therefore adhere together.
The recombined DNA is reintroduced to a cell or organism. The main use of this technology is for experimental studies, however a very important aspect of the application is developing and improving varities of crop plants and domesticated animals[1].
Transgenic mice are often used to study human disease responses as their genes can be modified to express the same mutations. New treatments can then be developed and trialled on the mice as they would respond in the same way as humans[2].