DNA helicase: Difference between revisions
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DNA helicase is an [[ | <ref>Kitao, Saori et. al. 1998. Cloning of Two New Human Helicase Genes of the RecQ Family: Biological Significance of Multiple Species in Higher Eukaryotes. Genomics 54: 443-452.</ref> | ||
DNA helicase is an [[Enzyme|enzyme]] responsible for the separation of two annealed strands of [[Nucleic acids|nucleic acids]]. It binds to the double stranded DNA, and breaks the hydrogen bonds between the strands. This process allows a single-stranded [[DNA|DNA]] to form and be used as a template during [[Transcription|transcription]]. ATP hydrolysis provides the energy for the enzyme to translocate along the double helix and generate a replication fork<ref>Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walters. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell: 273, 5th edition, New York: Garland Science.</ref>. In [[Escherichia coli|''E. coli'']] DNA helicase is called the [[DnaB protein|DnaB protein]], and it differs slightly in the way it carries out it's function. DnaB forms a three-fold ring structure, with the lagging strand binding in the central region, whilst the leading strand is excluded. The DnaB translocates through a mechanism where dNTP's bind and cause a conformational change, forcing the DNA strands to separate<ref>Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walters. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell: 283, 5th edition, New York: Garland Science.</ref>. <br> | |||
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Revision as of 15:36, 18 October 2013
[1]
DNA helicase is an enzyme responsible for the separation of two annealed strands of nucleic acids. It binds to the double stranded DNA, and breaks the hydrogen bonds between the strands. This process allows a single-stranded DNA to form and be used as a template during transcription. ATP hydrolysis provides the energy for the enzyme to translocate along the double helix and generate a replication fork[2]. In E. coli DNA helicase is called the DnaB protein, and it differs slightly in the way it carries out it's function. DnaB forms a three-fold ring structure, with the lagging strand binding in the central region, whilst the leading strand is excluded. The DnaB translocates through a mechanism where dNTP's bind and cause a conformational change, forcing the DNA strands to separate[3].
References
- ↑ Kitao, Saori et. al. 1998. Cloning of Two New Human Helicase Genes of the RecQ Family: Biological Significance of Multiple Species in Higher Eukaryotes. Genomics 54: 443-452.
- ↑ Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walters. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell: 273, 5th edition, New York: Garland Science.
- ↑ Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walters. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell: 283, 5th edition, New York: Garland Science.