Kinetichore: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
The Kinetochore is a multilayer [[Protein|protein]] structure that forms at the [[Centromere|centromere]] region of each [[Sister chromatids|sister chromatid]]. The plus end of the [[Microtubules|microtubules forming]] [[Mitotic spindle|mitotic spindles]] from the [[Centrosomes|centrosomes]] bind to the kinetochore at specialised sites and form a bridge between the [[Chromatids|chromatids]] and the[[Mitotic spindle| | The Kinetochore is a multilayer [[Protein|protein]] structure that forms at the [[Centromere|centromere]] region of each [[Sister chromatids|sister chromatid]]. The plus end of the [[Microtubules|microtubules forming]] [[Mitotic spindle|mitotic spindles]] from the [[Centrosomes|centrosomes]] bind to the kinetochore at specialised sites and form a bridge between the [[Chromatids|chromatids]] and the mitotic[[Mitotic spindle| spindles]] in such a way that allows continual [[Polymerisation|polymerisation]] and [[Depolymerisation|depolymerisation]] of the [[Microtubules|microtubule]]. This is key to the movement of chromatids during [[Anaphase|anaphase]].<ref>Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition, New York, Garland Science</ref> During [[Anaphase|anaphase]] of [[Mitosis|mitosis]] the [[Mitotic spindles|mitotic spindles]] contract to pull apart the[[Sister chromatids|sister chromatids]]. The kinetochore is essential for this movement as it binds to a [[Microtubule motor protein|microtubule motor protein]] that moves the [[Sister chromatids|sister chromatid to]] the minus end of the [[Mitotic spindles|mitotic spindle]] at the poles of the cell. Free kinetochores with no [[Microtubules|microtubules]] bound act as a check point for [[Mitosis|mitosis]], halting the process until all [[Chromatids|chromatids]] are bound, ensuring correct separation of [[Chromatids|chromatids]] and preventing [[Aneuploidy|aneuploidy]].<ref>Cleveland, Mao, Sullivan (2003) "Centromeres and Kinetochores: From Epigenetics to Mitotic Checkpoint Signaling" Cell Volume 112, Issue 4, pp407–421</ref> | ||
=== References === | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Latest revision as of 05:54, 26 November 2015
The Kinetochore is a multilayer protein structure that forms at the centromere region of each sister chromatid. The plus end of the microtubules forming mitotic spindles from the centrosomes bind to the kinetochore at specialised sites and form a bridge between the chromatids and the mitotic spindles in such a way that allows continual polymerisation and depolymerisation of the microtubule. This is key to the movement of chromatids during anaphase.[1] During anaphase of mitosis the mitotic spindles contract to pull apart thesister chromatids. The kinetochore is essential for this movement as it binds to a microtubule motor protein that moves the sister chromatid to the minus end of the mitotic spindle at the poles of the cell. Free kinetochores with no microtubules bound act as a check point for mitosis, halting the process until all chromatids are bound, ensuring correct separation of chromatids and preventing aneuploidy.[2]