Holoenzyme: Difference between revisions
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Holoenzyme is a catalytically active [[Enzyme|enzyme]] that consists of [[Apoenzyme|apoenzyme]] and [[Cofactor|cofactor]]. [[Cofactor|Cofactors]] can make reactions that cannot be done by standard twenty [[Amino acids|amino acids]]. [[Cofactors|Cofactors]] are divided in two groups:<br> | Holoenzyme is a catalytically active [[Enzyme|enzyme]] that consists of [[Apoenzyme|apoenzyme]] and [[Cofactor|cofactor]]. [[Cofactor|Cofactors]] can make reactions that cannot be done by standard twenty [[Amino acids|amino acids]]. [[Cofactors|Cofactors]] are divided in two groups:<br> | ||
*metals ([[Zinc|Zn]]<sup>[[Zinc|2+]]</sup>, [[Magnesium|Mg]]<sup>[[ | *[[Metal Ions|metals]] ([[Zinc|Zn]]<sup>[[Zinc|2+]]</sup>, [[Magnesium|Mg]]<sup>[[Magnesium|2+]]</sup>, [[Nickel|Ni]]<sup>[[Nickel|2+]]</sup> , [[Molybdenum|Mo]], [[Selenium|Se]], [[Manganese|Mn]], [[Potassium|K]]<sup>[[Potassium|+]]</sup>),<br> | ||
*[[Coenzyme|coenzymes]]. | *[[Coenzyme|coenzymes]]. | ||
Use of the same [[Coenzyme|coenzyme]] usually means that [[Enzyme|enzymes]] catalyse similar mechanisms <ref>Berg J., Tymoczko J and Stryer L. (2007) Biochemistry, 6th edition, New York: WH Freeman, p207</ref>.<br> | Use of the same [[Coenzyme|coenzyme]] usually means that [[Enzyme|enzymes]] catalyse similar mechanisms <ref>Berg J., Tymoczko J and Stryer L. (2007) Biochemistry, 6th edition, New York: WH Freeman, p207</ref>.<br> | ||
Sigma 70 and [[RNA Polymerase II|RNA Polymerase II]]<ref>Bourbon HM, Aguilera A, Ansari AZ et al. (2004) A unified nomenclature for protein subunits of mediator complexes linking transcriptional regulators to RNA polymerase II. Molecular Cell 14: 553–557.</ref> is an example of a holoenzyme used in transcription of [[Prokaryotes|prokaryotes]]. | |||
=== Reference === | |||
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Latest revision as of 10:50, 20 October 2017
Holoenzyme is a catalytically active enzyme that consists of apoenzyme and cofactor. Cofactors can make reactions that cannot be done by standard twenty amino acids. Cofactors are divided in two groups:
Use of the same coenzyme usually means that enzymes catalyse similar mechanisms [1].
Sigma 70 and RNA Polymerase II[2] is an example of a holoenzyme used in transcription of prokaryotes.