Inositol phospholipid signalling pathway: Difference between revisions
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The Inositol signalling pathway is activated when a signal [[molecule|molecule]] binds to the receptor of a [[Trimeric_G-protein|trimeric G protein]]. The binding of the signal molecule causes the [[GDP|GDP]] bound to the G protein to exchanged for [[GTP|GTP]], this induces a conformational change and the alpha subunit dissociates itself from the beta and gamma subunits. The alpha subunit then activates [[phospholipase C|phospholipase C]]. The phospholipase C then cleaves [[phosphoinositol 4,5- biphosphate|phosphoinositol 4,5- biphosphate]] (PIP<sub>2</sub>); producing [[Diacylglycerol |Diacylglycerol]] (DAG) and [[Inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate|Inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate]] (IP<sub>3</sub>). DAG remains embedded in the [[phospholipid membrane|phospholipid membrane]], whereas IP<sub>3</sub> moves into the [[cytoplasm|cytoplasm]]. IP<sub>3</sub> then binds to IP<sub>3</sub> gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> release channels on the membrane of the [[endoplasmic reticulum|endoplasmic reticulum]], this in turn releases Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions, which binds to [[Protein Kinase C|Protein Kinase C]] (PKC). The DAG also binds to PKC, which consequently activates the Protein Kinase C. The PKC then phosphorylates various proteins in order to amplify the signal. | |||
Revision as of 09:20, 6 December 2017
The Inositol signalling pathway is activated when a signal molecule binds to the receptor of a trimeric G protein. The binding of the signal molecule causes the GDP bound to the G protein to exchanged for GTP, this induces a conformational change and the alpha subunit dissociates itself from the beta and gamma subunits. The alpha subunit then activates phospholipase C. The phospholipase C then cleaves phosphoinositol 4,5- biphosphate (PIP2); producing Diacylglycerol (DAG) and Inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate (IP3). DAG remains embedded in the phospholipid membrane, whereas IP3 moves into the cytoplasm. IP3 then binds to IP3 gated Ca2+ release channels on the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, this in turn releases Ca2+ ions, which binds to Protein Kinase C (PKC). The DAG also binds to PKC, which consequently activates the Protein Kinase C. The PKC then phosphorylates various proteins in order to amplify the signal.