CpG Islands: Difference between revisions
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A description of what CpG islands are |
Cleaned up the text. Cleaned up the references. |
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CpG Islands are short sequences, rich in [[Cytosine|cytosine]] and [[Guanine|guanine]] bases (C and G), spread | CpG Islands are short sequences, rich in [[Cytosine|cytosine]] and [[Guanine|guanine]] bases (C and G), spread across [[DNA|DNA]]<ref>DEATON AM, BIRD A, CpG islands and the regulation of transcription, 2011,25(10),1010-1022</ref>. These sequences are around 100-1000bp. In [[Mammals|mammals]], most cytosine residues followed by a guanine residue are methylated, however, most 'C's in CpG Islands escape [[Methylation|methylation]], we call this hypomethylation. The methylation of CpG islands results in the switching off of [[Transcription|transcription]]. Therefore, CpG islands enhance transcription. This is important in mammals as 60%-70% of protein-coding genes lack [[TATA promoter|TATA]] and initiators causing transcription to occur at a lower rate. | ||
=== References | === References === | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 12:36, 21 October 2018
CpG Islands are short sequences, rich in cytosine and guanine bases (C and G), spread across DNA[1]. These sequences are around 100-1000bp. In mammals, most cytosine residues followed by a guanine residue are methylated, however, most 'C's in CpG Islands escape methylation, we call this hypomethylation. The methylation of CpG islands results in the switching off of transcription. Therefore, CpG islands enhance transcription. This is important in mammals as 60%-70% of protein-coding genes lack TATA and initiators causing transcription to occur at a lower rate.
References
- ↑ DEATON AM, BIRD A, CpG islands and the regulation of transcription, 2011,25(10),1010-1022