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Monosaccharides are the simplest form of [[Carbohydrate|carbohydrate]]. They form the basis of larger, more complex molecules such as [[Disaccharides|disaccharides]] and [[Oligosaccharides|oligosaccharides]] which are formed in a [[Dehydration reaction|dehydration reaction]] between two monosaccharides. Examples of monosaccharides include [[Glucose|glucose]] and [[Galactose|galactose]], and all share the generic formula C<sub>x</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>y</sub>. They are classfied by the type of [[ | Monosaccharides are the simplest form of [[Carbohydrate|carbohydrate]]. They form the basis of larger, more complex molecules such as [[Disaccharides|disaccharides]] and [[Oligosaccharides|oligosaccharides]] which are formed in a [[Dehydration reaction|dehydration reaction]] between two or more monosaccharides. Examples of monosaccharides include [[Glucose|glucose]] and [[Galactose|galactose]], and they all share the generic formula C<sub>x</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>y</sub>. They are classfied by the type of [[Carbonyl group|carbonyl group]] they contain; this being either a [[Ketose|ketose]] ([[Ketone|ketone]] group) or [[Aldose|aldose]] ([[Aldehyde|aldehyde]] group). | ||
Many monosaccharides may form [[Disaccharides|disaccharides]] (e.g. [[Maltose|maltose]]) and [[Polysaccharides|polysaccharides]] (e.g. [[Starch|starch]] & [[Glycogen|glycogen]]) by [[Condensation Reaction|condensation]][[Condensation Reaction| reactions]], which form [[Glycosidic bonds|glycosidic bonds]] <ref name="monosaccharide">Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walter, (2008), Molecular biology of a cell, 5th edition, New York, Garland Science.</ref>. | |||
=== References === | === References === | ||
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Revision as of 19:20, 9 November 2012
Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrate. They form the basis of larger, more complex molecules such as disaccharides and oligosaccharides which are formed in a dehydration reaction between two or more monosaccharides. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose and galactose, and they all share the generic formula Cx(H2O)y. They are classfied by the type of carbonyl group they contain; this being either a ketose (ketone group) or aldose (aldehyde group).
Many monosaccharides may form disaccharides (e.g. maltose) and polysaccharides (e.g. starch & glycogen) by condensation reactions, which form glycosidic bonds [1].
References
- ↑ Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Walter, (2008), Molecular biology of a cell, 5th edition, New York, Garland Science.
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