1,4 glycosidic bond: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]] Glycosidic bonds are formed due to&nbsp;[[Condensation reaction|condensation reactions]] between two [[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]]&nbsp;(monomers is the general name),&nbsp;to form a [[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]]&nbsp;(polymers, or many units of sugars). A condensation reaction is when two molecules join together to create a simple molecule and&nbsp;[[Water|water]] is eliminated. The glycosidic bond can be [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysed]] by the addition of a water molecule to reform two monosaccharides ([[MONOMERS|monomers]], or single units of sugars). The [[1,4 glcosidic bond|1,4 glycosidic bond is]] formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types&nbsp;of&nbsp;glycosidic&nbsp;bonds&nbsp;- 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the [[Glucose|glucose]] ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer . Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref>. When two alpha [[D-glucose|D-glucose]] molecules join together a more commonly occurring [[Isomer|isomer]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is [[Known|known]] as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>.<br> === References === <references></references>
[[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]] Glycosidic bonds are formed due to&nbsp;[[Condensation reaction|condensation reactions]] between&nbsp;a hydroxyl residue on carbon-1 and&nbsp;the anomeric carbon-4&nbsp; on&nbsp;two [[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]]&nbsp;([[MONOMERS|<font color="#0066cc">monomers</font>]], single units of sugar),&nbsp;to form a disaccharide ( 2 monomers bound together) and subsequently a&nbsp;[[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]]&nbsp;(polymers, or many units of sugars). A condensation reaction is when water is eliminated to form a&nbsp;simple molecule. Later hydrolysis by&nbsp;water molecules will reform the two original&nbsp;monosaccharides.  
 
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The [[1,4 glcosidic bond|1,4 glycosidic bond is]] formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types&nbsp;of&nbsp;glycosidic&nbsp;bonds&nbsp;- 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the [[Glucose|glucose]] ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer . Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref>. When two alpha [[D-glucose|D-glucose]] molecules join together a more commonly occurring [[Isomer|isomer]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is [[Known|known]] as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>.<br>=== References === <references />

Revision as of 12:56, 5 December 2016

Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png
Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png

Glycosidic bonds are formed due to condensation reactions between a hydroxyl residue on carbon-1 and the anomeric carbon-4  on two monosaccharides (monomers, single units of sugar), to form a disaccharide ( 2 monomers bound together) and subsequently a polysaccharide (polymers, or many units of sugars). A condensation reaction is when water is eliminated to form a simple molecule. Later hydrolysis by water molecules will reform the two original monosaccharides.


The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the carbon-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types of glycosidic bonds - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the glucose ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane[1]. When two alpha D-glucose molecules join together a more commonly occurring isomer of glucose compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is known as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond[2].
=== References ===

  1. ↑ Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer . Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman
  2. ↑ Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/
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