RNA polymerase: Difference between revisions
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RNA polymerase is an [[Enzyme|enzyme]] that catalyzes [[Transcription|transcription]] and produces [[RNA|RNA]]. Bacteria have a single type of [[RNA_polymerase|RNA polymerase]] whereas [[Eukaryotes|eukaryotic]] [[Nucleus|nuclei]] have three, [[RNA polymerase I|RNA polymerase I]], [[RNA polymerase II|RNA polymerase II]] and [[RNA polymerase III|RNA polymerase III]]. It unwinds the [[DNA|DNA]] for complementary base-pairing in the 5' - 3' direction (downstream). The [[Nucleotide|nucleotides]] for base-pairing are [[UTP|UTP]], [[ATP|ATP]], [[GTP|GTP]] and [[CTP|CTP]]. The hydrolysis of the nucleotide triphosphate bonds gives energy for transcription to move forward. Unlike [[DNA replication|DNA replication]], transcription | RNA polymerase is an [[Enzyme|enzyme]] that catalyzes [[Transcription|transcription]] and produces [[RNA|RNA]]. [[Bacteria|Bacteria]] have a single type of [[RNA_polymerase|RNA polymerase]] whereas [[Eukaryotes|eukaryotic]] [[Nucleus|nuclei]] have three, [[RNA polymerase I|RNA polymerase I]], [[RNA polymerase II|RNA polymerase II]] and [[RNA polymerase III|RNA polymerase III]]. It unwinds the [[DNA|DNA]] for complementary base-pairing in the [[5' - 3' direction|5' - 3' direction]] (downstream). The [[Nucleotide|nucleotides]] for base-pairing are [[UTP|UTP]], [[ATP|ATP]], [[GTP|GTP]] and [[CTP|CTP]]. The hydrolysis of the [[Nucleotide|nucleotide]] triphosphate bonds gives energy for transcription to move forward. Unlike [[DNA replication|DNA replication]], transcription does not require RNA [[Primers|primers]]. However, RNA polymerase make about one mistake per 10<sup>4</sup> [[Nucleotide|nucleotides]], whereas [[DNA polymerase|DNA polymerase]] only makes about one mistake per 10<sup>7</sup> [[Nucleotide|nucleotides]] <ref name="null">Alberts, B. et al., 2002. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Fourth Edition. New York: Garland Science.</ref>, this is due to RNA polymerase having no [[proof-reading|proof-reading]] function, unlike [[DNA_polymerase|DNA polymerase]].<br> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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Revision as of 08:26, 18 November 2011
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes transcription and produces RNA. Bacteria have a single type of RNA polymerase whereas eukaryotic nuclei have three, RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III. It unwinds the DNA for complementary base-pairing in the 5' - 3' direction (downstream). The nucleotides for base-pairing are UTP, ATP, GTP and CTP. The hydrolysis of the nucleotide triphosphate bonds gives energy for transcription to move forward. Unlike DNA replication, transcription does not require RNA primers. However, RNA polymerase make about one mistake per 104 nucleotides, whereas DNA polymerase only makes about one mistake per 107 nucleotides [1], this is due to RNA polymerase having no proof-reading function, unlike DNA polymerase.
References
- ↑ Alberts, B. et al., 2002. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Fourth Edition. New York: Garland Science.