Chromosome

A chromosome is the name given to the structure that holds an organisms DNA, either all or just part of it. Both plant and animal chromosomes become visible when mitosis or meiosis occur, they become much more condensed.

In most cases bacterial chromosomes are often circular and not linear, as found in humans .

Structure of Chromosome:

1. Each chromosome compose of two identical sister chromatids.

    
   2. The sister chromatids are hold on the centromere. Centromere in the human chromosome doesn't have any distinct sequence, it is just a large array of repeated sequence.
        The position ofcentromere determine the type of chromosome.

3. At the end of each chromosome also containtelomere, that is used to protect the chromosome from annealing with sister chromatids.
Also is used to distinguish the real end of chromosome from the end of chromosome caused by damaged; in addition, it is also used to solve end replication problem.