Genetic mutation: Difference between revisions
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'''Genetic mutation- '''this term indicates an alteration to base sequence in [[DNA|DNA]] of an organism which results in a mutant [[Allele|allele]] of a [[Gene|gene]] i.e. an allele that occurs in less than 1% of population.The change is heritable and can be passed on to offspring if fixed into the parental [[Genome|genome]]. Mutations can vary depending on the type of genomic alteration: | '''Genetic mutation- '''this term indicates an alteration to base sequence in [[DNA|DNA]] of an organism which results in a mutant [[Allele|allele]] of a [[Gene|gene]] i.e. an allele that occurs in less than 1% of population.The change is heritable and can be passed on to offspring if fixed into the parental [[Genome|genome]]. Mutations can vary depending on the type of genomic alteration: | ||
*addition | |||
*deletion | |||
*substitution | |||
*rearrangement of bases. | |||
To investigate the events leading to mutation we can look at mutagenesis process. There are three types: | To investigate the events leading to mutation we can look at mutagenesis process. There are three types: | ||
*spontaneous (no mutation causing agent) | |||
*induced (a foreign genome introduced e.g.in the laboratory) | |||
*directed (in vitro change to genome).<br> | |||
We can calculate the rate of mutation occurance using an equation from Poisson distribution: | We can calculate the rate of mutation occurance using an equation from Poisson distribution: | ||
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'''P<sub>0</sub>=e<sup>-mN</sup>'''<sup></sup> | '''P<sub>0</sub>=e<sup>-mN</sup>'''<sup></sup> | ||
where P<sub>0</sub> is the probability of seeing no mutations, N is the number of cells per culture and m is the mutation rate <ref>Genetics, 1987, Geoffrey Zubay</ref><ref>Encyclopedia of Genetics,Volume 3, 2002, S.Brenner,J.H. Miller</ref>.<br> | |||
=== | |||
where P<sub>0</sub> is the probability of seeing no mutations, N is the number of cells per culture and m is the mutation rate. | |||
<references /><br> | |||
<br> | |||
Revision as of 07:19, 25 November 2012
Genetic mutation- this term indicates an alteration to base sequence in DNA of an organism which results in a mutant allele of a gene i.e. an allele that occurs in less than 1% of population.The change is heritable and can be passed on to offspring if fixed into the parental genome. Mutations can vary depending on the type of genomic alteration:
- addition
- deletion
- substitution
- rearrangement of bases.
To investigate the events leading to mutation we can look at mutagenesis process. There are three types:
- spontaneous (no mutation causing agent)
- induced (a foreign genome introduced e.g.in the laboratory)
- directed (in vitro change to genome).
We can calculate the rate of mutation occurance using an equation from Poisson distribution:
P0=e-mN
where P0 is the probability of seeing no mutations, N is the number of cells per culture and m is the mutation rate [1][2].
===