Frameshift mutation: Difference between revisions
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Frameshift mutation is the addition or loss of nucleotides. To be classed as a frameshift mutation the addition or loss cannot be a multiple of three. This is an accidental change in the genomic sequence and therefore a genetic mutation and a different protein being | Frameshift mutation is the addition or loss of [[nucleotides|nucleotides]]. To be classed as a frameshift mutation the addition or loss cannot be a multiple of three. This is an accidental change in the [[genomic sequence|genomic sequence]] and therefore a [[genetic mutation|genetic mutation]] and results in a different [[protein|protein]] being [[Translation|translated]]. If the mutation occurs earlier on in the sequence then the frameshift will be potentially more severe and the resulting protein produced usually being non-functional. The length of the protein can also be affected with new [[stop codon|stop codons]] being translated. The mutations can also lead to diseases, one of which is [[Tay-Sachs|Tay-Sachs]].<br>Tay-Sachs disease is a type of [[GM2-gangliosidosis|GM2-gangliosidosis]] group of neurological disorders and results in the deterioration of mental and physical abilities<ref>Nihon Rinsho. 1993 Sep;51(9):2281-5.</ref>. The disease results from many different types of mutation; these include eight frameshift mutations, two insertion and 6 deletion indels. Different populations are found to have different severities of mutation to the gene that encodes the alpha-subunit and [[beta-hexosaminidase A|beta-hexosaminidase A]] of a [[Lysosome|lysomal]] enzyme. In Ashkenazi Jewish population they have 10-fold higher gene frequency for the severe form of the disease due to an insertion causing the frameshift mutation. In the French Canadian population a large deletion of 7.5 kilobases is the major mutation found causing the disease<ref>Hum Mutat. 1997;9(3):195-208</ref>.<br> | ||
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Latest revision as of 16:24, 22 October 2012
Frameshift mutation is the addition or loss of nucleotides. To be classed as a frameshift mutation the addition or loss cannot be a multiple of three. This is an accidental change in the genomic sequence and therefore a genetic mutation and results in a different protein being translated. If the mutation occurs earlier on in the sequence then the frameshift will be potentially more severe and the resulting protein produced usually being non-functional. The length of the protein can also be affected with new stop codons being translated. The mutations can also lead to diseases, one of which is Tay-Sachs.
Tay-Sachs disease is a type of GM2-gangliosidosis group of neurological disorders and results in the deterioration of mental and physical abilities[1]. The disease results from many different types of mutation; these include eight frameshift mutations, two insertion and 6 deletion indels. Different populations are found to have different severities of mutation to the gene that encodes the alpha-subunit and beta-hexosaminidase A of a lysomal enzyme. In Ashkenazi Jewish population they have 10-fold higher gene frequency for the severe form of the disease due to an insertion causing the frameshift mutation. In the French Canadian population a large deletion of 7.5 kilobases is the major mutation found causing the disease[2].