Sodium ions: Difference between revisions
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=== Definition and electronic structure === | |||
A sodium [[Atom|atom]] that has lost an [[Electron|electron]] becomes the monatomic charged sodium [[Ions|ion]] and is denoted by the symbol Na<sup>+</sup>. Sodium ions have the electronic structure<ref name="Electronic structure of ions">Chemguide. Electronic Structures Of Ions. 2012 [cited 30/11/2016]. Available from:fckLRhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/ionstruct.html</ref> 1s<sup></sup><sup>2</sup>2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>6</sup>, as they have become [[Oxidation|oxidised]], having lost the lone electron in its 3s subshell: this is why sodium ions have a +1 charge overall.<br> | A sodium [[Atom|atom]] that has lost an [[Electron|electron]] becomes the monatomic charged sodium [[Ions|ion]] and is denoted by the symbol Na<sup>+</sup>. Sodium ions have the electronic structure<ref name="Electronic structure of ions">Chemguide. Electronic Structures Of Ions. 2012 [cited 30/11/2016]. Available from:fckLRhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/ionstruct.html</ref> 1s<sup></sup><sup>2</sup>2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>6</sup>, as they have become [[Oxidation|oxidised]], having lost the lone electron in its 3s subshell: this is why sodium ions have a +1 charge overall.<br> | ||
=== Sodium ions in the human body === | |||
Sodium ions are present in the human body playing key roles in several processes, such as in the primary [[Active Transport|active transport]] carried out by the [[Sodium-potassium pump|Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase]]<ref name="The sodium-potassium pump and active transport in relation to action potentials">Georgia State University, HyperPhysics. The Sodium-Potassium Pump. Published: N/A [cited 30/11/2016]. Available from:fckLRhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/nakpump.html</ref>, during the [[Depolarisation|depolarisation]] of neuronal [[Cell membrane|cell membranes]] during an [[Action potential|action potential]] and as an important component in the [[Secondary active transport|secondary active transport]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] which is completed by the [[Sodium-glucose symporter|Na<sup>+</sup>-glucose]] [[Symporter|symporter]].<br> | |||
=== In compounds === | |||
Sodium ions also form ionic compounds with negative ions, a common example being the neutral ionic compound [[Sodium chloride|sodium chloride]] (NaCl), where the sodium ion has a positive +1 charge (Na<sup>+</sup>) and the chloride ion has a negative -1 charge (Cl<sup>-1</sup>).<br> | |||
=== '''References:''' === | |||
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Revision as of 14:30, 30 November 2016
Definition and electronic structure
A sodium atom that has lost an electron becomes the monatomic charged sodium ion and is denoted by the symbol Na+. Sodium ions have the electronic structure[1] 1s22s22p6, as they have become oxidised, having lost the lone electron in its 3s subshell: this is why sodium ions have a +1 charge overall.
Sodium ions in the human body
Sodium ions are present in the human body playing key roles in several processes, such as in the primary active transport carried out by the Na+/K+-ATPase[2], during the depolarisation of neuronal cell membranes during an action potential and as an important component in the secondary active transport of glucose which is completed by the Na+-glucose symporter.
In compounds
Sodium ions also form ionic compounds with negative ions, a common example being the neutral ionic compound sodium chloride (NaCl), where the sodium ion has a positive +1 charge (Na+) and the chloride ion has a negative -1 charge (Cl-1).
References:
- ↑ Chemguide. Electronic Structures Of Ions. 2012 [cited 30/11/2016]. Available from:fckLRhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/ionstruct.html
- ↑ Georgia State University, HyperPhysics. The Sodium-Potassium Pump. Published: N/A [cited 30/11/2016]. Available from:fckLRhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/nakpump.html