Transcription factor: Difference between revisions

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In [[Gene expression|gene expression]], the transcription of DNA to RNA is controlled by proteins called transcription factors. In [[Eukaryote|eukaryotes]] there are 6 general transcription factors (GTFs): TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF and TFIIH, each of which have a different role in regulating gene transcription. All GTFs are multi-subunit, except for TFIIB.  
In [[Gene expression|gene expression]], the transcription of [[DNA|DNA]] to [[RNA polymerase II|RNA]] is controlled by [[protein|proteins]] called transcription factors. In [[Eukaryote|eukaryotes]] there are 6 general transcription factors (GTFs): [[TFIIA|TFIIA]], [[TFIIB|TFIIB]], [[TFIID|TFIID]], [[TFIIE|TFIIE]], [[TFIIF|TFIIF]] and [[TFIIH|TFIIH]], each of which has a different role in regulating [[gene transcription|gene transcription]]. All GTFs are multi-subunit, except for TFIIB.  


<br>
The GTFs are involved in the [[Preinitiation complex|preinitiation complex]] (PIC) assembly which positions [[RNA polymerase II|RNA polymerase II]] and separates the template strand at the transcription start site through a number of steps as outlined:


The GTFs are involved in the [[Preinitiation complex|preinitiation complex]] (PIC) &nbsp;assembly which positions RNA polymerase II&nbsp;and separates the template&nbsp;strand at&nbsp;the transcription start site through a number of steps as outlined:
#TFIIA facilitates and stabilises TFIID binding to the [[TATA box|TATA box]].
#TFIID recruits the single subunit factor TFIIB.
#With this interaction, TFIIB recruits RNA polymerase II-TFIIF complex (TFIIF is joined to[[ RNA polymerase II|RNA polymerase II]] prior to this recruitment.)
#The recruitment of the RNA polymerase II-TFIIF allows TFIIE and then finally TFIIH to bind, completing the PIC assembly.


1. TFIIA facilitates and stabilises&nbsp;TFIID binding to the [[TATA box|TATA box]].
This is known as the classical pathway, not all promoters are turned on in this way.
 
2. TFIID&nbsp;recruits the single subunit factor TFIIB.
 
3. With this interaction, TFIIB recruits RNA polymerase II-TFIIF complex (TFIIF is joined to RNA polymerase II prior to this recruitment.)
 
4. The recruitment of the RNA polymerase II-TFIIF allows TFIIE and then finally TFIIH to bind, completing the PIC assembly.
 
<br>
 
This is known as the classical pathway, not all promoters are turned on in this way.<br>

Revision as of 18:52, 22 October 2017

In gene expression, the transcription of DNA to RNA is controlled by proteins called transcription factors. In eukaryotes there are 6 general transcription factors (GTFs): TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF and TFIIH, each of which has a different role in regulating gene transcription. All GTFs are multi-subunit, except for TFIIB.

The GTFs are involved in the preinitiation complex (PIC) assembly which positions RNA polymerase II and separates the template strand at the transcription start site through a number of steps as outlined:

  1. TFIIA facilitates and stabilises TFIID binding to the TATA box.
  2. TFIID recruits the single subunit factor TFIIB.
  3. With this interaction, TFIIB recruits RNA polymerase II-TFIIF complex (TFIIF is joined toRNA polymerase II prior to this recruitment.)
  4. The recruitment of the RNA polymerase II-TFIIF allows TFIIE and then finally TFIIH to bind, completing the PIC assembly.

This is known as the classical pathway, not all promoters are turned on in this way.

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