Enzyme active site: Difference between revisions
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The active site of an [[Enzyme|enzyme]] is the region on which the substrate is bound during [[Catalysis|catalysis]]. There can be either one or more substrate [[Molecule|molecules]] and after binding to the enzyme the enzyme-substrate complex is formed. All reactions occur on the active site which is like a pocket or grove and the specificity of enzymes is due to the specific structural regions on the active site. The specificity can be explained by either of two binding methods:<br> | |||
#lock and key mechanism: whereby the substrate fits exactly on to the active site. | #lock and key mechanism: whereby the substrate fits exactly on to the active site. | ||
#induced fit mechanism: whereby upon binding the active site changes its shape so as to bind exactly with the substrate. | #induced fit mechanism: whereby upon binding the active site changes its shape so as to bind exactly with the substrate. | ||
At the end of catalysis, the enzyme and its active site remain unchanged and release the products. | At the end of catalysis, the enzyme and its active site remain unchanged and release the products. | ||
The active site of an enzyme can be altered by non-competitive inhibitors which changes the shape by binding elsewhere on the enzyme thus disabling its ability to bind with the substrate. | The active site of an enzyme can be altered by [[Non-competitive inhibitor|non-competitive inhibitors]] which changes the shape by binding elsewhere on the enzyme thus disabling its ability to bind with the substrate <ref>Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Kaff, M., Roberts, K. and Walter P. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell Fifth Edition. Abingdon: Garland Science.</ref> <ref>Alberts, B., Bray, D., Hopkin,K., Johnson, A., Lewis,J,Raff, M.,Roberts,K.,Walter,P.,(2004) Essential Cell Biology Second Edition.New York: Garland Science</ref>. | ||
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Revision as of 21:32, 21 December 2010
The active site of an enzyme is the region on which the substrate is bound during catalysis. There can be either one or more substrate molecules and after binding to the enzyme the enzyme-substrate complex is formed. All reactions occur on the active site which is like a pocket or grove and the specificity of enzymes is due to the specific structural regions on the active site. The specificity can be explained by either of two binding methods:
- lock and key mechanism: whereby the substrate fits exactly on to the active site.
- induced fit mechanism: whereby upon binding the active site changes its shape so as to bind exactly with the substrate.
At the end of catalysis, the enzyme and its active site remain unchanged and release the products.
The active site of an enzyme can be altered by non-competitive inhibitors which changes the shape by binding elsewhere on the enzyme thus disabling its ability to bind with the substrate [1] [2].
References
- ↑ Alberts, B., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Kaff, M., Roberts, K. and Walter P. (2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell Fifth Edition. Abingdon: Garland Science.
- ↑ Alberts, B., Bray, D., Hopkin,K., Johnson, A., Lewis,J,Raff, M.,Roberts,K.,Walter,P.,(2004) Essential Cell Biology Second Edition.New York: Garland Science