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ADP ribose is a [[molecule|molecule]] formed via the reaction of a [[ribose|ribose]] molecule with the terminal [[phosphate group|phosphate group]] of [[ADP|adenosine diphosphate]] (ADP)<ref>PubChem - open chemistry database ADP ribose Created 2005-06-08 last edited 2018-12-01 Accessed 3/12/18 Available from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ADP_Ribose#section=Top</ref>. Two or more ADP ribose subunits may then, in turn, join together to form what is known as poly(ADP-ribose) which is often abbreviated to PAR<ref>Journal of cell biology Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture Published on 09/07/2014 Accessed on 03/12/2018 Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613</ref>. The bonding between ADP ribose subunits usually forms between the ribose group of one of the subunits and the [[adenosine|adenosine]] group of an adjacent ADP ribose molecule<ref>Journal of cell biology Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture Published on 09/06/2014 Accessed on 03/12/2018 Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613</ref>. The polymerisation of ADP ribose is mediated by [[enzymes|enzymes]] called [[PAR polymerases|PAR polymerases]] (PARPs)<ref>Nature reviews - molecular cell biology Valérie Schreiber, Françoise Dantzer, Jean-Christophe Ame and Gilbert de Murcia Published 01/07/2006 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.nature.com/articles/nrm1963</ref>. | |||
ADP ribose | |||
Created 2005-06-08 | |||
last edited 2018-12-01 | |||
Accessed 3/12/18 | |||
Available from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ADP_Ribose#section=Top</ref>. | |||
Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture | |||
Published on 09/07/2014 | |||
Accessed on 03/12/2018 | |||
Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613</ref>. The bonding between ADP ribose subunits usually forms between the ribose group of one of the subunits and the adenosine group of an adjacent ADP ribose molecule<ref>Journal of cell biology | |||
Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture | |||
Published on 09/06/2014 | |||
Accessed on 03/12/2018 | |||
Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613</ref>. The polymerisation of ADP ribose is mediated by enzymes called PAR polymerases (PARPs)<ref>Nature reviews - molecular cell biology | |||
Valérie Schreiber, Françoise Dantzer, Jean-Christophe Ame | |||
Published 01/07/2006 | |||
Accessed 03/12/2018 | |||
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrm1963</ref> | |||
One of the main functions | One of the main functions associated with PAR is the repair of damaged or mutagenic [[DNA|DNA]]. When damaged DNA is detected, PARPs are activated very quickly<ref>Nucleic acid research Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe Published 15/09/2003 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/</ref>. The activated PARPs are able to bind to single-stranded regions of DNA and in turn add PAR residues to histone molecules associated with DNA<ref>Nucleic acid research Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe Published 15/09/2003 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/</ref>. This is believed to aid both repair and transcription of DNA. However, evidence on the direct role of the ADP ribose-histone complex is limited and therefore most of the focus in recent research has surrounded the modifying enzymes associated with the ADP ribosylation of histones<ref>Trends in cell biology Simon Messner and Michael O. Hottiger Published 01/09/2011 Accessed 03/12/18 https://www.cell.com/trends/cell-biology/pdf/S0962-8924(11)00106-1.pdf</ref>. | ||
Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe | |||
Published 15/09/2003 | |||
Accessed 03/12/2018 | |||
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/</ref>. The activated PARPs are able to bind to single stranded regions of DNA and in turn add PAR residues to histone molecules associated with DNA<ref>Nucleic acid research | |||
Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe | |||
Published 15/09/2003 | |||
Accessed 03/12/2018 | |||
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/</ref>. This is believed to aid both repair and transcription of DNA. However, evidence on the direct role of the ADP ribose-histone complex is | |||
Simon Messner and Michael O. Hottiger | |||
Published 01/09/2011 | |||
Accessed 03/12/18 | |||
https://www.cell.com/trends/cell-biology/pdf/S0962-8924(11)00106-1.pdf</ref>. | |||
=== References === | |||
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<references /> | <references /> | ||
Latest revision as of 07:54, 4 December 2018
ADP ribose is a molecule formed via the reaction of a ribose molecule with the terminal phosphate group of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)[1]. Two or more ADP ribose subunits may then, in turn, join together to form what is known as poly(ADP-ribose) which is often abbreviated to PAR[2]. The bonding between ADP ribose subunits usually forms between the ribose group of one of the subunits and the adenosine group of an adjacent ADP ribose molecule[3]. The polymerisation of ADP ribose is mediated by enzymes called PAR polymerases (PARPs)[4].
One of the main functions associated with PAR is the repair of damaged or mutagenic DNA. When damaged DNA is detected, PARPs are activated very quickly[5]. The activated PARPs are able to bind to single-stranded regions of DNA and in turn add PAR residues to histone molecules associated with DNA[6]. This is believed to aid both repair and transcription of DNA. However, evidence on the direct role of the ADP ribose-histone complex is limited and therefore most of the focus in recent research has surrounded the modifying enzymes associated with the ADP ribosylation of histones[7].
References
- ↑ PubChem - open chemistry database ADP ribose Created 2005-06-08 last edited 2018-12-01 Accessed 3/12/18 Available from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ADP_Ribose#section=Top
- ↑ Journal of cell biology Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture Published on 09/07/2014 Accessed on 03/12/2018 Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613
- ↑ Journal of cell biology Poly(ADP-ribose): An organizer of cellular architecture Published on 09/06/2014 Accessed on 03/12/2018 Available from http://jcb.rupress.org/content/205/5/613
- ↑ Nature reviews - molecular cell biology Valérie Schreiber, Françoise Dantzer, Jean-Christophe Ame and Gilbert de Murcia Published 01/07/2006 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.nature.com/articles/nrm1963
- ↑ Nucleic acid research Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe Published 15/09/2003 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/
- ↑ Nucleic acid research Claudia Flohr, Alexander Bürkle, J. Pablo Radicella, and Bernd Epe Published 15/09/2003 Accessed 03/12/2018 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC203308/
- ↑ Trends in cell biology Simon Messner and Michael O. Hottiger Published 01/09/2011 Accessed 03/12/18 https://www.cell.com/trends/cell-biology/pdf/S0962-8924(11)00106-1.pdf