Liver X receptor
The Liver X Receptor is a family of the Nuclear Receptor which is vital for shaping the physiological development of mammals[1]. This receptor is further sub-divided into two types; Liver X Receptor α and ß [2]. This can be abbreviated to LXRα and LXRß. The LXR receptors are activated by oxysterols which are forms of modified cholesterol and are involved in the regulation of transcription of genes that process cholesterol in the body. This is vital for the maintenance of homeostatic levels of lipids,as well as other biomolecules in the body[3]. Both LXR receptors are steroid hormone receptors which are located in the nucleus and cytosol of cells[4].
LXRα
LXRα (Liver X Receptor Alpha) is a receptor that is predominantly found in several organs including theliver and kidneys[5]. This receptor has been the forefront of countless studies due to its involvement in the transcription of genes related to inflammation and the metabolism of biomolecules such as lipids and glucose[6]. Infact, the involvement of LXRα in the process of gene transcription has been linked to several diseases including; Diabetes Mellitus (Type II), Alzheimers and Atherosclerosis[7].
LXRß
Sturcture
Mechanism
Disease
References
- ↑ Alberts B, Bray D, Hopkin K, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M et al. Essential cell biology. 4th ed. New York: Garland Science; 2014.
- ↑ Tontonoz P, Mangelsdorf D. Liver X Receptor Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Disease. Molecular Endocrinology [Internet]. 2003;17(6):985-993. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/mend/article/17/6/985/2747382
- ↑ Tontonoz P, Mangelsdorf D. Liver X Receptor Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Disease. Molecular Endocrinology [Internet]. 2003;17(6):985-993. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/mend/article/17/6/985/2747382
- ↑ Alberts B, Bray D, Hopkin K, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M et al. Essential cell biology. 4th ed. New York: Garland Science; 2014.
- ↑ Revolvy L. "Liver X receptor alpha" on Revolvy.com [Internet]. Revolvy.com. 2017. Available from: https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Liver%20X%20receptor%20alpha&item_type=topic
- ↑ Revolvy L. "Liver X receptor alpha" on Revolvy.com [Internet]. Revolvy.com. 2017 Available from: https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Liver%20X%20receptor%20alpha&item_type=topic
- ↑ Steffensen K, Gustafsson J. Putative Metabolic Effects of the Liver X Receptor (LXR). Diabetes [Internet]. 2004;53(Supplement 1):S36-S42. Available from: http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/53/suppl_1/S36