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Pi (not to be confused with the number Pi) in the biological sciences is most commonly known as '''inorganic phosphate'''. It is a free [[Ions|ion]] in solution and the term Pi is used to distinguish it from phosphates found in phosphate esters. At physiological pH (6.8 - 7.0), inorganic phosphate consists of largely HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-<ref>Stryer et al. Biochemistry 7th Edition. 2011. Page 16</ref>.</sup> | |||
However, phosphates are most commonly found in the form of adenosine phosphates, (AMP, ADP and ATP) and in DNA and RNA and Pi is released by the hydrolysis of ATP or ADP. The addition and removal of phosphate as seen through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is crucial for many metabolic pathways. | However, phosphates are most commonly found in the form of adenosine phosphates, ([[AMP|AMP]], [[ADP|ADP]] and [[ATP|ATP]]) and in [[DNA|DNA]] and RNA and Pi is released by the hydrolysis of [[ATP|ATP]] or [[ADP|ADP]], if [[ATP|ATP]] is hydrolysed to [[AMP|AMP]], [[Pyrophosphate|pyrophosphate]] (PPi) is formed. The addition and removal of phosphate as seen through [[Phosphorylation|phosphorylation]] and [[Dephosphorylation|dephosphorylation]] is crucial for many metabolic pathways. | ||
=== References === | |||
<references /> | |||
Latest revision as of 19:35, 10 December 2018
Pi (not to be confused with the number Pi) in the biological sciences is most commonly known as inorganic phosphate. It is a free ion in solution and the term Pi is used to distinguish it from phosphates found in phosphate esters. At physiological pH (6.8 - 7.0), inorganic phosphate consists of largely HPO42- and H2PO42-[1].
However, phosphates are most commonly found in the form of adenosine phosphates, (AMP, ADP and ATP) and in DNA and RNA and Pi is released by the hydrolysis of ATP or ADP, if ATP is hydrolysed to AMP, pyrophosphate (PPi) is formed. The addition and removal of phosphate as seen through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is crucial for many metabolic pathways.
References
- ↑ Stryer et al. Biochemistry 7th Edition. 2011. Page 16