1,4 glycosidic bond: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]] Glycosidic bonds are formed due to a [[Condensation reaction|condensation reaction]] between two [[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]] to form a [[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]]. A condensation reaction is when two molecules combine to create a simple molecule and [[Water|water]] is eliminated. The glycosidic bond can be [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysed]] by the addition of a water molecule.
[[Image:Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png|right|Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png]]1,4 glycosidic bond bonds are formed due to&nbsp;[[Condensation reaction|condensation reactions]] between&nbsp;a [[Hydroxyl|hydroxyl]] oxygen atom on carbon-4 on one sugar and&nbsp;the&nbsp;α-anomeric form of C-1 on the other<ref>Biochemistry. 5th edition.erg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. New York: W H Freeman; 2002 - Section 11.2Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>.  


The [[1,4 glcosidic bond|1,4 glycosidic bond is]] formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other. There are are two types - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the glucose ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer . Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref><ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Condensation_reaction - 29/11/2013</ref>. When two alpha D-glucose, a more occurring isomer of glucose compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is known as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref><ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>.<br>
The two&nbsp;[[Monosaccharides|monosaccharides]]&nbsp;([[MONOMERS|monomers]], a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer) form a [[Disaccharide|disaccharide]] (2 [[Monomer|monomers]] bound together) and subsequently a&nbsp;[[Polysaccharide|polysaccharide]]&nbsp;([[Polymer|polymers]], or many units of [[Sugar|sugars]]). A [[Condensation reaction|condensation reaction]] is when [[Water|water]] is eliminated to form a&nbsp;simple [[Molecule|molecule]]. Later [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysis by]]&nbsp;water molecules will reform the two original&nbsp;monosaccharides.
 
The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the [[Carbon|carbon]]-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types&nbsp;of&nbsp;glycosidic&nbsp;bonds&nbsp;- 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the [[Glucose|glucose]] ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane<ref>Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman</ref>. When two alpha [[D-glucose|D-glucose]] molecules join together a more commonly occurring [[Isomer|isomer]] of [[Glucose|glucose]] compared to the L-glucose, form a [[Glycosidic bonds|glycosidic linkage]], the term is [[Known|known]] as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond<ref>Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/</ref>.  


=== References  ===
=== References  ===


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Latest revision as of 16:25, 6 December 2018

Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png
Alpha and Beta Glycosidic Bonds.png

1,4 glycosidic bond bonds are formed due to condensation reactions between a hydroxyl oxygen atom on carbon-4 on one sugar and the α-anomeric form of C-1 on the other[1].

The two monosaccharides (monomers, a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer) form a disaccharide (2 monomers bound together) and subsequently a polysaccharide (polymers, or many units of sugars). A condensation reaction is when water is eliminated to form a simple molecule. Later hydrolysis by water molecules will reform the two original monosaccharides.

The 1,4 glycosidic bond is formed between the carbon-1 of one monosaccharide and carbon-4 of the other monosaccharide. There are are two types of glycosidic bonds - 1,4 alpha and 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds. 1,4 alpha glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH on the carbon-1 is below the glucose ring; while 1,4 beta glycosidic bonds are formed when the OH is above the plane[2]. When two alpha D-glucose molecules join together a more commonly occurring isomer of glucose compared to the L-glucose, form a glycosidic linkage, the term is known as a α-1,4-glycosidic bond[3].

References

  1. ↑ Biochemistry. 5th edition.erg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. New York: W H Freeman; 2002 - Section 11.2Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/
  2. ↑ Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry Seventh Edition Freeman
  3. ↑ Berg JM, Tymoczko JL, Stryer L. Biochemistry. 5th edition. New York: W H Freeman; 2002. Section 11.2, Complex Carbohydrates Are Formed by Linkage of Monosaccharides. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/
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